DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.013
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84939437627
论文题名: Variability of aerosols and chemical composition of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 on a platform of the Prague underground metro
作者: Cusack M ; , Talbot N ; , Ondráček J ; , Minguillón M ; C ; , Martins V ; , Klouda K ; , Schwarz J ; , Ždímal V
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2015
卷: 118 起始页码: 176
结束页码: 183
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Number concentration
; Number size distribution
; PM chemical characterisation
; Sub-micron particles
; Underground train microenvironment
Scopus关键词: Carbon
; Manganese
; Size distribution
; Chemical compositions
; Major and minor elements
; Microenvironments
; Number concentration
; Number size distribution
; Particle number concentration
; Secondary inorganic aerosol
; Sub-micron particles
; Aerosols
; barium ion
; carbon
; chromium
; cobalt
; cuprous ion
; iron
; manganese
; molybdenum
; nickel
; abrasion
; aerosol composition
; atmospheric pollution
; chemical composition
; metro system
; particulate matter
; pollutant source
; size distribution
; spatiotemporal analysis
; subterranean environment
; wind velocity
; aerosol
; Article
; chemical composition
; controlled study
; mechanics
; particulate matter
; priority journal
; railway
; velocity
; wind
; Czech Republic
; Prague
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: Measurements of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 and particle number concentration and size distribution were measured for 24 h on a platform of the Prague underground metro in October 2013. The three PM fractions were analysed for major and minor elements, secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA) and total carbon (TC). Measurements were performed both when the metro was inoperative and closed to the public (referred to as background), and when the metro was in operation and open to passengers. PM concentrations were elevated during both periods, but were substantially increased in the coarse fraction during hours when the metro was in operation. Average PM concentrations were 214.8, 93.9 and 44.8 μg m-3 for PM10, PM2.5 and PM1, respectively (determined gravimetrically). Average particle number concentrations were 8.5 × 103 cm-3 for background hours and 11.5 × 103 cm-3 during operational hours. Particle number concentrations were found to not vary as significantly as PM concentrations throughout the day. Variations in PM were strongly governed by passing trains, with highest concentrations recorded during rush hour. When trains were less frequent, PM concentrations were shown to fluctuate in unison with the entrance and exit of trains (as shown by wind velocity measured on the platform). PM was found to be highly enriched with iron, especially in the coarse fraction, comprising 46% of PM10 (98.9 μg m-3). This reduces to 6.7 μg m-3 during background hours, proving that the trains themselves were the main source of iron, most probably from wheel-rail mechanical abrasion. Other enriched elements relative to background hours included Ba, Cu, Mn, Cr, Mo, Ni and Co, among others. Many of these elements exhibited a similar size distribution, further indicating their sources were common and were attributed to train operations. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/81547
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
There are no files associated with this item.
作者单位: Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the ASCR, v.v.i., Rozvojova 2, Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic; Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA, CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18-26, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 647, Barcelona, Spain; National Institute for Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Protection, Kamenná 71, Milín, Czech Republic
Recommended Citation:
Cusack M,, Talbot N,, Ondráček J,et al. Variability of aerosols and chemical composition of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 on a platform of the Prague underground metro[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2015-01-01,118