DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.05.002
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84929324760
论文题名: Using metal ratios to detect emissions from municipal waste incinerators in ambient air pollution data
作者: Font A ; , de Hoogh K ; , Leal-Sanchez M ; , Ashworth D ; C ; , Brown R ; J ; C ; , Hansell A ; L ; , Fuller G ; W
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2015
卷: 113 起始页码: 177
结束页码: 186
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Emissions
; Fingerprinting source profiles
; Heavy metals
; Municipal waste incinerators
; Receptor analysis
Scopus关键词: Cadmium
; Heavy metals
; Lead
; Manganese
; Metal analysis
; Metals
; Particulate emissions
; Waste incineration
; Ambient air pollution
; Ambient concentrations
; Incinerator emissions
; Metal concentrations
; Meteorological condition
; Municipal waste incinerators
; Receptor analysis
; Source profiles
; Air pollution
; arsenic
; cadmium
; chromium
; copper
; lead
; manganese
; mercury
; metal
; nickel
; vanadium
; air sampling
; ambient air
; annual variation
; atmospheric pollution
; concentration (composition)
; incineration
; municipal solid waste
; SIR
; traffic emission
; air analysis
; air pollution
; air quality
; ambient air
; analytic method
; Article
; meteorological phenomena
; municipal solid waste
; municipal waste incinerator
; particulate matter
; plume
; priority journal
; rural area
; solid waste management
; stack emissions test
; traffic
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: This study aimed to fingerprint emissions from six municipal waste incinerators (MWIs) and then test if these fingerprint ratios could be found in ambient air samples. Stack emissions tests from MWIs comprised As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, Ni, V and Hg. Those pairs of metals showing good correlation (R > 0.75) were taken as tracers of MWI emissions and ratios calculated: Cu/Pb; Cd/Pb; Cd/Cu and Cr/Pb. Emissions ratios from MWIs differed significantly from those in ambient rural locations and those close to traffic. In order to identify MWI emissions in ambient air two analysis tests were carried out. The first, aimed to explore if MWI emissions dominate the ambient concentrations. The mean ambient ratio of each of the four metal ratios were calculated for six ambient sampling sites within 10 km from a MWI under stable meteorological conditions when the wind blew from the direction of the incinerator. Under these meteorological conditions ambient Cd/Pb was within the range of MWI emissions at one location, two monitoring sites measured mean Cr/Pb ratios representative of the MWI emissions and the four sites measured values of Cu/Pb within the range of MWI emissions. No ambient measurements had mean Cd/Cu ratios within the MWI values. Even though MWI was not the main source determining the ambient metal ratios, possible occasional plume grounding might have occurred. The second test then examined possible plume grounding by identifying the periods when all metal ratios differed from rural and traffic values at the same time and were consistent with MWI emissions. Metal ratios consistent with MWI emissions were found in ambient air within 10 km of one MWI for about 0.2% of study period. Emissions consistent with a second MWI were similarly detected at two ambient measurement sites about 0.1% and 0.02% of the time. Where plume grounding was detected, the maximum annual mean particulate matter (PM) from the MWI was estimated to be 0.03 μg m-3 to 0.12 μg m-3; 2-3 orders of magnitude smaller than background ambient PM10 concentrations. Ambient concentrations of Cr increased by 1.6-3.0 times when MWI emissions were detected. From our analysis we found no evidence of incinerator emissions in ambient metal concentrations around four UK MWIs. The six UK MWIs studied contributed little to ambient PM10 concentrations. © 2015 The Authors. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/81702
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Environmental Research Group, MRC PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Small Area Health Statistics Unit, MRC PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, United Kingdom; Directorate of Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Font A,, de Hoogh K,, Leal-Sanchez M,et al. Using metal ratios to detect emissions from municipal waste incinerators in ambient air pollution data[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2015-01-01,113