DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.04.060
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84929171083
论文题名: PM<inf>2.5</inf> in household kitchens of Bhaktapur, Nepal, using four different cooking fuels
作者: Pokhrel A ; K ; , Bates M ; N ; , Acharya J ; , Valentiner-Branth P ; , Chandyo R ; K ; , Shrestha P ; S ; , Raut A ; K ; , Smith K ; R
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2015
卷: 113 起始页码: 159
结束页码: 168
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Biomass
; Electric stove
; Household air pollution
; Indoor air pollution
; Kerosene
; LPG
; UCB-PATS
Scopus关键词: Air pollution
; Biomass
; Developing countries
; Electric stoves
; Fuels
; Kerosene
; Light scattering
; Liquefied petroleum gas
; Pollution
; Regression analysis
; Stoves
; Fine particulate matter
; Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
; Monitoring device
; Multivariate regression
; Standard deviation
; Temperature monitoring
; UCB-PATS
; University of California , Berkeley
; Indoor air pollution
; cooking fuel
; fuel
; kerosene
; liquefied petroleum gas
; petroleum derivative
; unclassified drug
; atmospheric pollution
; concentration (composition)
; developing world
; domestic waste
; fuel consumption
; gravimetry
; health impact
; indoor air
; multivariate analysis
; particulate matter
; pollution monitoring
; Article
; biomass
; concentration (parameters)
; household
; human
; kitchen
; laser nephelometer
; Nepal
; particulate matter
; priority journal
; Bagmati
; Bhaktapur
; Nepal
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: In studies examining the health effects of household air pollution (HAP), lack of affordable monitoring devices often precludes collection of actual air pollution data, forcing use of exposure indicators, such as type of cooking fuel used. Among the most important pollutants is fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ), perhaps the best single indicator of risk from smoke exposure. In this study, we deployed an affordable and robust device to monitor PM2.5 in 824 households in Bhaktapur, Nepal. Four primary cooking fuels were used in roughly equal proportions in these households: electricity (22%), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (29%), kerosene (23%), and biomass (26%). PM2.5 concentrations were measured in the kitchens using a light-scattering nephelometer, the UCB-PATS (University of California, Berkeley-Particle and Temperature monitoring System). The major predictors of PM2.5 concentrations in study households were investigated. The UCB-PATS results were well correlated with the gravimetric results (R2=0.84; for all fuels combined). The mean household PM2.5 concentrations across all seasons of the year were 656 (standard deviation (SD):924) μg/m3 from biomass; 169 (SD: 207) μg/m3 from kerosene; 101 (SD: 130) μg/m3 from LPG; and 80 (SD: 103) μg/m3 from electric stoves. In the multivariate regression of PM2.5 measures, compared with electric stoves, use of LPG, kerosene and biomass stoves were associated with increased indoor PM2.5 concentrations of 65% (95% CI: 38-95%), 146% (103-200%), and 733% (589-907%), respectively. The UCB-PATS performed well in the field. Biomass fuel stoves without flues were the most significant sources of PM2.5 , followed by kerosene and then LPG stoves. Outdoor PM2.5 , and season influenced indoor PM2.5 levels. Results support careful use of inexpensive light-scattering monitors for monitoring of HAP in developing countries. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/81716
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States; Asian Development Bank, 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong, Manila, Philippines; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Division of National Health Surveillance and Research, Statens Serum Institute, Denmark; Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Child Health Department, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Secretariat, Martin-Luther-King-Strasse 8, Bonn, Germany
Recommended Citation:
Pokhrel A,K,, Bates M,et al. PM<inf>2.5</inf> in household kitchens of Bhaktapur, Nepal, using four different cooking fuels[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2015-01-01,113