DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.02.077
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84924300033
论文题名: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and their genotoxicity in exhaust emissions from a diesel engine during extended low-load operation on diesel and biodiesel fuels
作者: Vojtisek-Lom M ; , Pechout M ; , Dittrich L ; , Beránek V ; , Kotek M ; , Schwarz J ; , Vodička P ; , Milcová A ; , Rossnerová A ; , Ambrož A ; , Topinka J
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2015
卷: 109 起始页码: 9
结束页码: 18
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Biodiesel
; Creep
; Diesel particulate matter
; DNA adducts
; DNA oxidative damage
; Emissions
; Idling
; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
; Toxicity of emissions
Scopus关键词: Aromatic compounds
; Aromatic hydrocarbons
; Aromatization
; Biodiesel
; Creep
; Diesel fuels
; DNA
; Engines
; Fuels
; Hydrocarbons
; Organic carbon
; Particulate emissions
; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
; Pyrene
; Benzo[a]pyrene(B[a]P)
; Calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA)
; Diesel particulate matters
; DNA adducts
; Elemental and organic carbons
; Idling
; Oxidative damage
; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)
; Diesel engines
; benzo[a]pyrene
; benzo[b]fluoranthene
; benzo[ghi]perylene
; benz[a]anthracene
; biodiesel
; dibenz[a,h]anthracene
; diesel fuel
; DNA
; organic carbon
; organic matter
; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
; bioassay
; biofuel
; catalysis
; diesel engine
; emission control
; exhaust emission
; filter
; genotoxicity
; PAH
; Article
; carcinogenicity
; combustion
; controlled study
; diesel engine
; DNA adduct
; DNA damage
; exhaust gas
; genotoxicity
; in vitro study
; particulate matter
; priority journal
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: This paper investigates the effects of emissions including carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (cPAH) of a conventional diesel engine without a particle filter. Experiments were carried on during extended idle and during a loaded operation immediately following the extended idle. Extended low-load operation of diesel engines due to idling and creep at border crossings, loading areas and in severe congestion has been known to deteriorate the combustion and catalytic device performance and to increase the emissions of particulate matter (PM). A conventional diesel engine was coupled to a dynamometer and operated on diesel fuel and neat biodiesel alternately at idle speed and 2% of rated power and at 30% and 100% load at intermediate speed. Exhaust was sampled on fiber filters, from which the content of elemental and organic carbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), including cPAH and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) have been determined. The emissions of cPAH and B[a]P have increased 4-6 times on diesel fuel and by 4-21% on biodiesel during extended idling relative to a short idle and 8-12 times on diesel fuel and 2-20 times on biodiesel during subsequent operation at full load relative to stabilized operation at full load. The total "excess"cPAH emissions after the transition to full load were on the same order of magnitude as the total "excess" cPAH during extended idling. The absolute levels of PAH, cPAH and B[a]P emissions under all operating conditions were lower on biodiesel compared to diesel fuel. Genotoxicity of organic extracts of particles was analysed by acellular assay with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and was consistently higher for diesel than for biodiesel. The exhaust generated during extended idle and subsequent full load exhibited the highest genotoxicity for both fuels. These two regimes are characterized by significant formation of cPAH as well as other DNA reactivecompounds substantially contributing to the total genotoxicity. Oxidative DNA damage by all tested extracts was negligible. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/81805
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Center of Vehicles for Sustainable Mobility, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technicka 4, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Vehicles and Engines, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 2, Liberec, Czech Republic; Technical Faculty, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojova 2/135, CZ-165 02 Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic; Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic
Recommended Citation:
Vojtisek-Lom M,, Pechout M,, Dittrich L,et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and their genotoxicity in exhaust emissions from a diesel engine during extended low-load operation on diesel and biodiesel fuels[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2015-01-01,109