DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.014
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84909992920
论文题名: Metal nanoparticles in diesel exhaust derived by in-cylinder melting of detached engine fragments
作者: Liati A ; , Pandurangi S ; S ; , Boulouchos K ; , Schreiber D ; , Arroyo Rojas Dasilva Y
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2015
卷: 101 起始页码: 34
结束页码: 40
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Combustion-generated PM
; Diesel PM
; Metal nanoparticles
; Particle heat transfer
; Reacting flow CFD
; Traffic-related atmospheric pollutants
Scopus关键词: Atmospheric movements
; Combustion chambers
; Computational fluid dynamics
; Diesel engines
; Engine cylinders
; Engines
; Heat transfer
; Melting
; Metals
; Pollution
; Atmospheric pollutants
; Chemical compositions
; Environmental and health effects
; Formation mechanism
; Material transport
; Nanoparticle emissions
; Nanoparticle formation
; Reacting flows
; Metal nanoparticles
; iron oxide nanoparticle
; metal nanoparticle
; steel
; unclassified drug
; atmospheric pollution
; combustion
; computational fluid dynamics
; diesel engine
; environmental fate
; exhaust emission
; metal
; nanotechnology
; public health
; toxicity test
; Article
; chemical composition
; combustion
; computational fluid dynamics
; controlled study
; cooling
; crystallization
; diesel engine
; engine fragment
; exhaust gas
; in cylinder melting
; melting point
; simulation
; transmission electron microscopy
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: A wide range of environmental and health effects are linked to combustion-generated pollutants related to traffic. Nanoparticles, in particular, are a major concern for humans since they can be inhaled and have potentially toxic effects. The variability and sources of combustion-related nanoparticle pollutants remain inadequately investigated. Here we report the presence of ca. 5-100nm large Fe3O4 nanoparticles, in form of agglomerates, in diesel exhaust. The mode of occurrence of these nanoparticles, in combination with their chemical composition matching that of steel indicate that they derive by melting of engine fragments in the combustion chamber and subsequent crystallization during cooling. To evaluate this hypothesis, we applied CFD simulations of material transport in the cylinder of a diesel engine, assuming detachment of steel fragments from various sites of the cylinder. The CFD results show that fragments ≤20μm in size dislodged from the piston surface or from the fuel nozzle interior can be indeed transported to such hot areas of the combustion chamber where they can melt. The simulation results concur with the experimental observations and point out that metal nanoparticle formation by in-cylinder melting of engine fragments can occur in diesel engines. The present study proposes a hitherto neglected formation mechanism of metal nanoparticle emissions from internal combustion engines raising possible environmental and health concerns, especially in urban areas. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/82087
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: EMPA Material Science and Technology, Laboratory of Internal Combustion Engines, Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Aerothermochemistry and Combustion Systems Laboratory, Zürich, Switzerland; EMPA, Electron Microscopy Center, Dübendorf, Switzerland
Recommended Citation:
Liati A,, Pandurangi S,S,et al. Metal nanoparticles in diesel exhaust derived by in-cylinder melting of detached engine fragments[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2015-01-01,101