Consumer products
; Energy dispersive spectroscopy
; High resolution transmission electron microscopy
; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
; Lithium compounds
; Manganese compounds
; Mass spectrometry
; Metal nanoparticles
; Metals
; Nanoparticles
; Nanotechnology
; Particle size
; Strontium compounds
; Transmission electron microscopy
; X ray spectroscopy
; Zinc
; Aerodynamic particle sizer
; Aerosol mass concentration
; Energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy
; Exposure
; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometries (ICPMS)
; Particle concentrations
; Scanning mobility particle sizer
; Substantial variations
; Silver
; barium
; copper
; lead
; lithium
; manganese
; nanoparticle
; nickel
; silver
; strontium
; vanadium
; zinc
; aerosol
; concentration (composition)
; equipment
; heavy metal
; metal
; nanotechnology
; particle size
; pollution exposure
; public health
; silver
; size distribution
; spray
; zinc
; aerosol
; airborne particle
; Article
; comparative study
; controlled study
; energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy
; environmental exposure
; mass spectrometry
; molecular weight
; particle size
; priority journal
; transmission electron microscopy
Scopus学科分类:
Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要:
The increasing prevalence and use of nanotechnology-enabled consumer products have increased potential consumer exposures to nanoparticles; however, there is still a lack of data characterizing such consumer exposure. The research reported here investigated near-field airborne exposures due to the use of 13 silver (Ag)-based and 5 zinc (Zn)-based consumer sprays. The products were sprayed into a specially designed glove box, and all products were applied with equal spraying duration and frequency. Size distribution and concentration of the released particles were assessed using a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer and an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to investigate the presence of metals in all investigated products. Spray liquids and airborne particles from select products were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). We found that all sprays produced airborne particles ranging in size from nano-sized particles (<100�nm) to coarse particles (>2.5�μm); however, there was a substantial variation in the released particle concentration depending on a product. The total aerosol mass concentration was dominated by the presence of coarse particles, and it ranged from ∼30�μg/m3to ∼30,000�μg/m3. The TEM verified the presence of nanoparticles and their agglomerates in liquid and airborne states. The products were found to contain not only Ag and Zn compounds - as advertised on the product labeling - but also a variety of other metals including lithium, strontium, barium, lead, manganese and others. The results presented here can be used as input to model population exposures as well as form a basis for human health effects studies due to the use nanotechnology-enabled products. � 2017 Elsevier Ltd
Rutgers University, Department of Environmental Sciences, New Brunswick, NJ, United States; Department of Materials and London Center for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States; Rutgers School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Piscataway, NJ, United States; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, United Kingdom; Nicholas School of the Environment and Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
Recommended Citation:
Calder�n L,, Han T,T,et al. Release of airborne particles and Ag and Zn compounds from nanotechnology-enabled consumer sprays: Implications for inhalation exposure[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2017-01-01,155