Atmospheric chemistry
; Chemical reactions
; Climate models
; Energy dissipation
; Free radical reactions
; Free radicals
; Empirical model
; Energy
; North China
; OH radical
; Scattering materials
; Spatial variations
; Top of the atmospheres
; UV absorption
; Photochemical reactions
; hydroxyl radical
; water
; absorption
; atmospheric chemistry
; chemical reaction
; energy budget
; hydroxyl radical
; photochemistry
; scattering
; solar radiation
; spatial variation
; top of atmosphere
; ultraviolet radiation
; air pollutant
; air pollution
; Article
; atmosphere
; atmospheric radioactivity
; biosphere
; China
; climate
; controlled study
; energy absorption
; gas
; geochemistry
; land biome
; light irradiance
; light scattering
; liquid
; meteorology
; particulate matter
; photochemistry
; priority journal
; radiation energy
; seasonal variation
; spatial analysis
; ultraviolet irradiation
; water vapor
; China
Scopus学科分类:
Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要:
It is important to determine the distribution of solar radiation between the top of the atmosphere and the surface. Based on an empirical model for estimating hourly ultraviolet radiation irradiance (UVI) under all sky conditions in North China, UVI at the surface and at the top of the atmosphere were obtained. An important phenomenon of UV utilization by “water vapor or absorbing factor” in the 290–400�nm range was studied, its mechanism was that UV energy can be absorbed indirectly once they react OH radicals and H2O and/or consumed directly by gases, liquids, particles (GLPs). The UVI loss in the atmosphere contributed by “absorbing” and scattering materials were 19.30 and 35.31�W�m−2, respectively, which depend on the region and season. The energy loss related to the “absorbing substances” would exist in other regions and should be considered in models (e.g., radiative transfer, chemistry and photochemistry, climate) for better understanding the basic processes in the atmosphere. � 2017 Elsevier Ltd