DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.05.030
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85019979526
论文题名: Microbial ice nucleators scavenged from the atmosphere during simulated rain events
作者: Hanlon R ; , Powers C ; , Failor K ; , Monteil C ; L ; , Vinatzer B ; A ; , Schmale D ; G ; , III
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2017
卷: 163 起始页码: 182
结束页码: 189
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Ice nucleation
; Precipitation
; Pseudomonas syringae
; Scavenging
; Scrubbing
; Water cycle
Scopus关键词: Bacteria
; Ice
; Microorganisms
; Nucleation
; Precipitation (chemical)
; Rain
; Scavenging
; Agricultural fields
; Ice nucleation
; Precipitation events
; Pseudomonas syringae
; Scavenging properties
; Scrubbing
; Simulated rain events
; Water cycle
; Precipitation (meteorology)
; rain
; snow
; sterile water
; agricultural land
; assay
; bacterium
; cloud droplet
; formation mechanism
; freezing
; fungus
; hydrological cycle
; ice
; nucleation
; precipitation (climatology)
; rainfall
; sampler
; scavenging (chemistry)
; snow
; Article
; atmosphere
; colony forming unit
; Fusarium
; Humicola
; microbial identification
; Mortierella
; nonhuman
; Pantoea
; particle size
; Penicillium
; precipitation
; priority journal
; Pseudomonas
; Pseudomonas syringae
; volumetry
; water cycle
; Xanthomonas
; Blacksburg
; United States
; Virginia
; Bacteria (microorganisms)
; Eukaryota
; Fusarium
; Humicola
; Mortierella
; Pantoea
; Penicillium
; Prokaryota
; Pseudomonas
; Pseudomonas syringae
; Xanthomonas
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: Rain and snow collected at ground level have been found to contain biological ice nucleators. These ice nucleators have been proposed to have originated in clouds, where they may have participated in the formation of precipitation via ice phase nucleation. We conducted a series of field experiments to test the hypothesis that at least some of the microbial ice nucleators (prokaryotes and eukaryotes) present in rain may not originate in clouds but instead be scavenged from the lower atmosphere by rainfall. Thirty-three simulated rain events were conducted over four months off the side of the Smart Road Bridge in Blacksburg, VA, USA. In each event, sterile water was dispensed over the side of the bridge and recovered in sterile containers in an open fallow agricultural field below (a distance of ∼55 m). Microbes scavenged from the simulated rain events were cultured and their ice nucleation activity was examined. Putative microbial ice nucleators were cultured from 94% (31/33) of the simulated rain events, and represented 1.5% (121/8331) of the total colonies assayed. Putative ice nucleators were subjected to additional droplet freezing assays, and those confirmed through these repeated assays represented 0.4% (34/8331) of the total. Mean CFUs scavenged by simulated rain ranged from 2 to 267 CFUs/mL. Scavenged ice nucleators belong to a number of taxa including the bacterial genera Pseudomonas, Pantoea, and Xanthomonas, and the fungal genera Fusarium, Humicola, and Mortierella. An ice-nucleating strain of the fungal genus Penicillium was also recovered from a volumetric air sampler at the study site. This work expands our knowledge of the scavenging properties of rainfall, and suggests that at least some ice nucleators in natural precipitation events may have been scrubbed from the atmosphere during rainfall, and thus are not likely to be involved in precipitation. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/82473
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Hanlon R,, Powers C,, Failor K,et al. Microbial ice nucleators scavenged from the atmosphere during simulated rain events[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2017-01-01,163