DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.08.006
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85029172200
论文题名: Atmospheric emission of NOx from mining explosives: A critical review
作者: Oluwoye I ; , Dlugogorski B ; Z ; , Gore J ; , Oskierski H ; C ; , Altarawneh M
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2017
卷: 167 起始页码: 81
结束页码: 96
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Abatement technologies
; Ammonium nitrate explosives
; Atmospheric pollution
; Health hazards
; Nitrogen oxides
Scopus关键词: Air pollution
; Air quality
; Blasting
; Health hazards
; Nitrates
; Nitrogen oxides
; Pollution
; Thermal pollution
; Abatement technologies
; Ammonium nitrate
; Atmospheric environment
; Atmospheric pollution
; Effectiveness and efficiencies
; Environmental concerns
; International standards
; Reactive nitrogen species
; Explosives
; biofuel
; explosive
; fossil fuel
; fuel oil
; nitrogen oxide
; reactive nitrogen species
; abatement cost
; ammonium nitrate
; atmospheric pollution
; combustion
; efficiency measurement
; emission
; explosive
; health risk
; literature review
; nitrogen oxides
; workplace
; agriculture
; air pollution
; air pollution control
; air quality standard
; biomass
; combustion
; emulsion
; environmental impact
; explosion
; mining
; nomenclature
; plume
; practice guideline
; priority journal
; Review
; soil
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: High-energy materials such as emulsions, slurries and ammonium-nitrate fuel-oil (ANFO) explosives play crucial roles in mining, quarrying, tunnelling and many other infrastructure activities, because of their excellent transport and blasting properties. These explosives engender environmental concerns, due to atmospheric pollution caused by emission of dust and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from blasts, the latter characterised by the average emission factor of 5 kg (t AN explosive)−1. This first-of-its-kind review provides a concise literature account of the formation of NOx during blasting of AN-based explosives, employed in surface operations. We estimate the total NOx emission rate from AN-based explosives as 0.05 Tg (i.e., 5 × 104 t) N per annum, compared to the total global annual anthropogenic NOx emissions of 41.3 × 106 t N y−1. Although minor in the global sense, the large localised plumes from blasting exhibit high NOx concentration (500 ppm) exceeding up to 3000 times the international standards. This emission has profound consequences at mining sites and for adjacent atmospheric environment, necessitating expensive management of exclusion zones. The review describes different types of AN energetic materials for civilian applications, and summarises the essential properties and terminologies pertaining to their use. Furthermore, we recapitulate the mechanisms that lead to the formation of the reactive nitrogen species in blasting of AN-based explosives, review their implications to atmospheric air pollution, and compare the mechanisms with those experienced in other thermal and combustion operations. We also examine the mitigation approaches, including guidelines and operational-control measures. The review discusses the abatement technologies such as the formulation of new explosive mixtures, comprising secondary fuels, spin traps and other additives, in light of their effectiveness and efficiency. We conclude the review with a summary of unresolved problems, identifying possible future developments and their impacts on the environment with emphasis on local and workplace loads. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/82491
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA, Australia; Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific Pty Ltd, Mt Thorley, NSW, Australia
Recommended Citation:
Oluwoye I,, Dlugogorski B,Z,et al. Atmospheric emission of NOx from mining explosives: A critical review[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2017-01-01,167