DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.06.052
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85022228205
论文题名: An alternative screening model for the estimation of outdoor air concentration at large contaminated sites
作者: Verginelli I ; , Nocentini M ; , Baciocchi R
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2017
卷: 165 起始页码: 349
结束页码: 358
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Box model
; Contaminated sites
; Outdoor air volatilization
; Risk assessment
; Screening model
Scopus关键词: Air quality
; Contamination
; Groundwater
; Groundwater pollution
; Impurities
; Mixing
; Quality control
; Risk assessment
; Soil pollution
; Volatile organic compounds
; Atmospheric conditions
; Box models
; Contaminant dispersion
; Contaminated sites
; Outdoor air
; Outdoor air concentration
; Risk assessment tool
; Screening models
; Analytical models
; air quality
; atmospheric modeling
; contaminated land
; groundwater pollution
; numerical model
; pollutant
; risk assessment
; soil pollution
; volatile organic compound
; air analysis
; air pollutant
; air pollution
; Article
; atmosphere
; calculation
; concentration (parameters)
; dispersion
; mathematical model
; priority journal
; risk assessment
; rural area
; urban area
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: Simplified analytical solutions of fate and transport models are often used to carry out risk assessment on contaminated sites, to evaluate the long-term air quality in relation to volatile organic compounds in either soil or groundwater. Among the different assumptions employed to develop these solutions, in this work we focus on those used in the ASTM-RBCA “box model” for the evaluation of contaminant dispersion in the atmosphere. In this simple model, it is assumed that the contaminant volatilized from the subsurface is dispersed in the atmosphere within a mixing height equal to two meters, i.e. the height of the breathing zone. In certain cases, this simplification could lead to an overestimation of the outdoor air concentration at the point of exposure. In this paper we first discuss the maximum source lengths (in the wind direction) for which the application of the “box model” can be considered acceptable. Specifically, by comparing the results of “box model” with the SCREEN3 model of U.S.EPA we found that under very stable atmospheric conditions (class F) the ASTM-RBCA approach provides acceptable results for source lengths up to 200 m while for very unstable atmospheric conditions (class A and B) the overestimation of the concentrations at the point of the exposure can be already observed for source lengths of only 10 m. In the latter case, the overestimation of the “box model” can be of more than one order of magnitude for source lengths above 500 m. To overcome this limitation, in this paper we introduce a simple analytical solution that can be used for the calculation of the concentration at the point of exposure for large contaminated sites. The method consists in the introduction of an equivalent mixing zone height that allows to account for the dispersion of the contaminants along the source length while keeping the simplistic “box model” approach that is implemented in most of risk assessment tools that are based on the ASTM-RBCA standard (e.g. RBCA toolkit). Based on our testing, we found that the developed model replicates very well the results of the more sophisticated dispersion SCREEN3 model with deviations always below 10%. The key advantage of this approach is that it can be very easily incorporated in the current risk assessment screening tools that are based on the ASTM standards while ensuring a more accurate evaluation of the concentration at the point of exposure. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/82809
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering and Computer Science Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via del Politecnico 1, Rome, Italy; Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, Bologna, Italy
Recommended Citation:
Verginelli I,, Nocentini M,, Baciocchi R. An alternative screening model for the estimation of outdoor air concentration at large contaminated sites[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2017-01-01,165