| DOI: | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.11.012
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| Scopus记录号: | 2-s2.0-85034083743
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| 论文题名: | On the validity of the incremental approach to estimate the impact of cities on air quality |
| 作者: | Thunis P
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| 刊名: | Atmospheric Environment
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| ISSN: | 0168-2563
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| EISSN: | 1573-515X
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| 出版年: | 2018
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| 卷: | 173 | | 起始页码: | 210
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| 结束页码: | 222
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 英文关键词: | Lenschow approach
; Source apportionment
; Urban impact
; Urban increment
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| Scopus关键词: | Air pollution
; Location
; Particles (particulate matter)
; Pollution
; Air quality modelling system
; Air quality planning
; Background concentration
; Concentration change
; Lenschow approach
; Source apportionment
; Urban impacts
; Urban increment
; Air quality
; nitrogen dioxide
; air quality
; anthropogenic source
; atmospheric pollution
; concentration (composition)
; estimation method
; model validation
; nitrogen dioxide
; particulate matter
; source apportionment
; strategic approach
; urban area
; air pollution
; air quality
; Article
; city
; Europe
; particulate matter
; priority journal
; rural area
; urban area
; validity
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| Scopus学科分类: | Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
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| 英文摘要: | The question of how much cities are the sources of their own air pollution is not only theoretical as it is critical to the design of effective strategies for urban air quality planning. In this work, we assess the validity of the commonly used incremental approach to estimate the likely impact of cities on their air pollution. With the incremental approach, the city impact (i.e. the concentration change generated by the city emissions) is estimated as the concentration difference between a rural background and an urban background location, also known as the urban increment. We show that the city impact is in reality made up of the urban increment and two additional components and consequently two assumptions need to be fulfilled for the urban increment to be representative of the urban impact. The first assumption is that the rural background location is not influenced by emissions from within the city whereas the second requires that background concentration levels, obtained with zero city emissions, are equal at both locations. Because the urban impact is not measurable, the SHERPA modelling approach, based on a full air quality modelling system, is used in this work to assess the validity of these assumptions for some European cities. Results indicate that for PM2.5, these two assumptions are far from being fulfilled for many large or medium city sizes. For this type of cities, urban increments are largely underestimating city impacts. Although results are in better agreement for NO2, similar issues are met. In many situations the incremental approach is therefore not an adequate estimate of the urban impact on air pollution. This poses issues in terms of interpretation when these increments are used to define strategic options in terms of air quality planning. We finally illustrate the interest of comparing modelled and measured increments to improve our confidence in the model results. © 2017 The Author |
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| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/83122
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| Appears in Collections: | 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: | European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Thunis P. On the validity of the incremental approach to estimate the impact of cities on air quality[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2018-01-01,173
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