DOI: 10.1007/s10533-013-9861-1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84907547763
论文题名: Atmospheric nitrogen inputs and losses along an urbanization gradient from Boston to Harvard Forest, MA
作者: Rao P. ; Hutyra L.R. ; Raciti S.M. ; Templer P.H.
刊名: Biogeochemistry
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2014
卷: 121, 期: 1 起始页码: 229
结束页码: 245
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Atmospheric inputs
; Leaching
; Nitrogen deposition
; Nitrogen saturation
; Stable isotopes
; Urbanization gradient
Scopus关键词: atmospheric chemistry
; atmospheric deposition
; atmospheric pollution
; ecosystem modeling
; leaching
; nitrogen
; nitrogen cycle
; spatiotemporal analysis
; urban area
; urbanization
; Boston
; Harvard Forest
; Massachusetts
; United States
英文摘要: Urbanization alters nitrogen (N) cycling, but the spatiotemporal distribution and impact of these alterations on ecosystems are not well-quantified. We measured atmospheric inorganic N inputs and soil leaching losses along an urbanization gradient from Boston, MA to Harvard Forest in Petersham, MA. Atmospheric N inputs at urban sites (12.3 ± 1.5 kg N ha−1 year−1) were significantly greater than non-urban (5.7 ± 0.5 kg N ha−1 year−1) sites with NH4 + (median value of 77 ± 4 %) contributing thrice as much as NO3 −. Proximity to urban core correlated positively with NH4 + (R2 = 0.57, p = 0.02) and total inorganic N inputs (R2 = 0.61, p = 0.01); on-road CO2 emissions correlated positively with NO3 − inputs (R2 = 0.74, p = 0.003). Inorganic N leaching rates correlated positively with atmospheric N input rates (R2 = 0.61, p = 0.01), but did not differ significantly between urban and non-urban sites (p > 0.05). Our empirical measurements of atmospheric N inputs are greater for urban areas and less for rural areas compared to modeled regional estimates of N deposition. Five of the nine sites had NO3 − leached that came almost entirely from nitrification, indicating that the NO3 − in leachate came from biological processes rather than directly passing through the soil. A significant proportion (17–100 %) of NO3 − leached from the other four sites came directly from the atmosphere. Surprisingly, the four sites where atmospheric sources made up the largest proportion of leachate NO3 − also had relatively low N leaching rates, suggesting that atmospheric N inputs added to terrestrial ecosystems can move to multiple sinks and losses simultaneously, rather than being lost via leaching only after abiotic and biotic sinks have become saturated. This study improves our understanding of atmospheric N deposition and leaching in urban ecosystems, and highlights the need to incorporate urbanization effects in N deposition models. © 2013, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/83633
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应 气候变化事实与影响
There are no files associated with this item.
作者单位: Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, 685 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Rao P.,Hutyra L.R.,Raciti S.M.,et al. Atmospheric nitrogen inputs and losses along an urbanization gradient from Boston to Harvard Forest, MA[J]. Biogeochemistry,2014-01-01,121(1)