DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12176
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84959261431
论文题名: The influence of the biological pump on ocean chemistry: Implications for long-term trends in marine redox chemistry, the global carbon cycle, and marine animal ecosystems
作者: Meyer K.M. ; Ridgwell A. ; Payne J.L.
刊名: Geobiology
ISSN: 1472-4677
EISSN: 1472-4669
出版年: 2016
卷: 14, 期: 3 起始页码: 207
结束页码: 219
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: biogeochemistry
; Cambrian
; carbon cycle
; concentration (composition)
; global change
; long-term change
; marine ecosystem
; nutrient cycling
; organic matter
; Paleozoic
; redox conditions
; source-sink dynamics
; three-dimensional modeling
; Animalia
; sea water
; animal
; aquatic species
; carbon cycle
; chemistry
; ecosystem
; oxidation reduction reaction
; physiology
; theoretical model
; time factor
; Animals
; Aquatic Organisms
; Carbon Cycle
; Ecosystem
; Models, Theoretical
; Oxidation-Reduction
; Seawater
; Time Factors
Scopus学科分类: Earth and Planetary Sciences: General Earth and Planetary Sciences
; Environmental Science: General Environmental Science
; Agricultural and Biological Sciences: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematic
英文摘要: The net export of organic matter from the surface ocean and its respiration at depth create vertical gradients in nutrient and oxygen availability that play a primary role in structuring marine ecosystems. Changes in the properties of this 'biological pump' have been hypothesized to account for important shifts in marine ecosystem structure, including the Cambrian explosion. However, the influence of variation in the behavior of the biological pump on ocean biogeochemistry remains poorly quantified, preventing any detailed exploration of how changes in the biological pump over geological time may have shaped long-term shifts in ocean chemistry, biogeochemical cycling, and ecosystem structure. Here, we use a 3-dimensional Earth system model of intermediate complexity to quantitatively explore the effects of the biological pump on marine chemistry. We find that when respiration of sinking organic matter is efficient, due to slower sinking or higher respiration rates, anoxia tends to be more prevalent and to occur in shallower waters. Consequently, the Phanerozoic trend toward less bottom-water anoxia in continental shelf settings can potentially be explained by a change in the spatial dynamics of nutrient cycling rather than by any change in the ocean phosphate inventory. The model results further suggest that the Phanerozoic decline in the prevalence ocean anoxia is, in part, a consequence of the evolution of larger phytoplankton, many of which produce mineralized tests. We hypothesize that the Phanerozoic trend toward greater animal abundance and metabolic demand was driven more by increased oxygen concentrations in shelf environments than by greater food (nutrient) availability. In fact, a lower-than-modern ocean phosphate inventory in our closed system model is unable to account for the Paleozoic prevalence of bottom-water anoxia. Overall, these model simulations suggest that the changing spatial distribution of photosynthesis and respiration in the oceans has exerted a first-order control on Earth system evolution across Phanerozoic time. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/85105
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Willamette University, Salem, OR, United States; Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States; School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Meyer K.M.,Ridgwell A.,Payne J.L.. The influence of the biological pump on ocean chemistry: Implications for long-term trends in marine redox chemistry, the global carbon cycle, and marine animal ecosystems[J]. Geobiology,2016-01-01,14(3)