globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12117
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84922737388
论文题名:
Hydrocarbons preserved in a ~2.7 Ga outcrop sample from the Fortescue Group, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia
作者: Hoshino Y.; Flannery D.T.; Walter M.R.; George S.C.
刊名: Geobiology
ISSN: 1472-4677
EISSN: 1472-4669
出版年: 2015
卷: 13, 期:2
起始页码: 99
结束页码: 111
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: bacterium ; biomarker ; bitumen ; Cenozoic ; chemical composition ; chemical weathering ; economic geology ; encapsulation ; fractionation ; hydrocarbon ; hydrocarbon reserve ; hydrochloric acid ; maturation ; metamorphism ; mineral ; solvent ; Australia ; Pilbara ; Western Australia ; Cyanobacteria ; biological marker ; hydrocarbon ; Australia ; chemistry ; cyanobacterium ; sediment ; Biological Markers ; Cyanobacteria ; Geologic Sediments ; Hydrocarbons ; Western Australia
Scopus学科分类: Earth and Planetary Sciences: General Earth and Planetary Sciences ; Environmental Science: General Environmental Science ; Agricultural and Biological Sciences: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematic
英文摘要: The hydrocarbons preserved in an Archean rock were extracted, and their composition and distribution in consecutive slices from the outside to the inside of the rock were examined. The 2.7 Ga rock was collected from the Fortescue Group in the Pilbara region, Western Australia. The bitumen I (solvent-extracted rock) and bitumen II (solvent-extracted hydrochloric acid-treated rock) fractions have different hydrocarbon compositions. Bitumen I contains only trace amounts of aliphatic hydrocarbons and virtually no aromatic hydrocarbons. In contrast, bitumen II contains abundant aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. The difference seems to reflect the weathering history and preservational environment of the investigated rock. Aliphatic hydrocarbons in bitumen I are considered to be mainly from later hydrocarbon inputs, after initial deposition and burial, and are therefore not indigenous. The lack of aromatic hydrocarbons in bitumen I suggests a severe weathering environment since uplift and exposure of the rock at the Earth's surface in the Cenozoic. On the other hand, the high abundance of aromatic hydrocarbons in bitumen II suggests that bitumen II hydrocarbons have been physically isolated from removal by their encapsulation within carbonate minerals. The richness of aromatic hydrocarbons and the relative scarcity of aliphatic hydrocarbons may reflect the original compositions of organic materials biosynthesised in ancient organisms in the Archean era, or the high thermal maturity of the rock. Cyanobacterial biomarkers were observed in the surficial slices of the rock, which may indicate that endolithic cyanobacteria inhabited the surface outcrop. The distribution of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons implies a high thermal maturity, which is consistent with the lack of any specific biomarkers, such as hopanes and steranes, and the prehnite-pumpellyite facies metamorphic grade. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/85128
Appears in Collections:影响、适应和脆弱性

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作者单位: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Australian Centre for Astrobiology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Recommended Citation:
Hoshino Y.,Flannery D.T.,Walter M.R.,et al. Hydrocarbons preserved in a ~2.7 Ga outcrop sample from the Fortescue Group, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia[J]. Geobiology,2015-01-01,13(2)
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