DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.02.011
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84926407705
论文题名: Water protection in the Baltic Sea and the Chesapeake Bay: Institutions, policies and efficiency
作者: Iho A. ; Ribaudo M. ; Hyytiäinen K.
刊名: Marine Pollution Bulletin
ISSN: 0025-326X
EISSN: 1879-3363
出版年: 2015
卷: 93, 期: 2018-01-02 起始页码: 81
结束页码: 93
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Baltic Sea
; Chesapeake Bay
; Cost-efficiency
; Nonpoint source pollution
; Nutrient trading
; Point source pollution
Scopus关键词: Efficiency
; Eutrophication
; Nutrients
; Pollution
; Baltic sea
; Chesapeake Bay
; Cost efficiency
; Non-point source pollution
; Nutrient trading
; Point source pollution
; Marine pollution
; nitrogen
; phosphorus
; sea water
; efficiency measurement
; environmental protection
; eutrophication
; marine policy
; nonpoint source pollution
; nutrient budget
; point source pollution
; watershed
; agriculture
; Article
; Baltic Sea
; Chesapeake Bay
; environmental impact assessment
; environmental planning
; environmental protection
; eutrophication
; nonpoint source pollution
; oceanic regions
; point source pollution
; pollution
; sea pollution
; sediment
; water analysis
; water pollutant
; water pollution control
; water quality
; watershed
; Baltic States
; bay
; environmental planning
; estuary
; legislation and jurisprudence
; prevention and control
; statistics and numerical data
; United States
; water pollution
; Atlantic Ocean
; Baltic Sea
; Chesapeake Bay
; United States
; Agriculture
; Baltic States
; Bays
; Environmental Policy
; Estuaries
; Eutrophication
; Maryland
; Seawater
; Water Pollution
Scopus学科分类: Agricultural and Biological Sciences: Aquatic Science
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Oceanography
; Environmental Science: Pollution
英文摘要: The Baltic Sea and the Chesapeake Bay share many characteristics. Both are shallow, brackish marine areas that suffer from eutrophication. Successful policies targeting point source pollution have lowered nutrient loads in both areas, but achieving the desired marine quality will require further abatement: efforts may be extended to more complicated and expensive pollution sources, notably agricultural nonpoint loads. Despite their ecological similarities, the two watersheds have different histories and institutional settings and have thus adopted different policies. Comparing and contrasting the policies reveal ways to improve the efficiency of each and ways to avoid the path of trial and error. No comparison of the parallel protection efforts, which involve expenditures of hundreds of millions of dollars annually, has been carried out to date. The present paper analyzes the policies applied in the two regions, distilling the results into six recommendations for future steps in preserving what are valuable sea areas. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/86144
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建 全球变化的国际研究计划
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作者单位: Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki, Finland; United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, United States; University of Helsinki, Department of Economics and Management, Finland
Recommended Citation:
Iho A.,Ribaudo M.,Hyytiäinen K.. Water protection in the Baltic Sea and the Chesapeake Bay: Institutions, policies and efficiency[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin,2015-01-01,93(2018-01-02)