| 项目编号: | 1604857
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| 项目名称: | Base Stable Bipolar Membranes with Electronically Conductive Interlayers for Environmental Applications |
| 作者: | James Farrell
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| 承担单位: | University of Arizona
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| 批准年: | 2016
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| 开始日期: | 2016-09-01
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| 结束日期: | 2018-08-31
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| 资助金额: | 232075
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| 资助来源: | US-NSF
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| 项目类别: | Standard Grant
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| 国家: | US
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 特色学科分类: | Engineering - Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems
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| 英文关键词: | bipolar membrane
; use
; research
; available membrane
; conductive interlayer
; environmental application
; water treatment application
; membrane
; application
; strong-base anion exchange membrane
; base stability
; anion exchange membrane
; basis
; many potential application
; industrial application
; acid
; 1604857farrellmembrane system
; interlayer region
|
| 英文摘要: | 1604857
Farrell
Membrane systems are gaining in there applicability to many environmental engineering science solutions. The goal of this research is to develop bipolar membranes suitable for use in environmental applications. Bipolar membranes are a technological marvel and have p-n junctions similar to those in transistors. This process will remove salt from the water and will eliminate the use of acids and bases for ion exchange regeneration, thereby eliminating a major source of salts in public water supplies.
Although bipolar membranes have been commercially available for more than 20 years, they have not gained widespread usage due to the limitations of commercially available membranes. Commercially available bipolar membranes are not well-suited for environmental applications, and can be improved by increasing their stability in high pH solutions and decreasing the voltage required for water splitting at low current densities. Membranes developed for alkaline fuel cells have shown exceptional stability at high pH values and may be suitable for producing bipolar membranes for environmental applications. Replacing the catalyst layer with an electrically conductive interlayer in the center of a bipolar membrane may decrease the width of the p-n junction and decrease the water splitting voltage at low current densities. This research will investigate the use of highly stable poly(biphenyl alkylene) anion exchange membranes and electrically conductive interlayers for use in bipolar membranes. With only 1 volt of applied polarization, bipolar membranes can split water into H+ and OH- ions at rates that are more than 7 orders of magnitude greater than the rate in bulk water. Despite their commercial availability since 1977, bipolar membranes have not attained widespread industrial use. Bipolar membranes have been studied at the laboratory and pilot scale for a wide variety of applications, including: production of mineral acids from salt solutions, recovery of organic acids from fermentation broths, pH control in biochemical processes, recovery and purification of pharmaceuticals, de-acidification of fruit juices, and energy storage and conversion. Two impediments to greater use of bipolar membranes are the low stability of strong-base anion exchange membranes under alkaline conditions and that commercially available membranes are not optimized for the requirements of many potential applications. The PIs hypothesize that the base stability of the anion exchange component of bipolar membranes can be improved using alkaline stable hydroxide conducting membranes developed for use in alkaline fuel cells. Additionally, we propose that a new type of bipolar membranes with an electronically conductive interlayer region will be useful in a variety of industrial applications where commercially available membranes are ill-suited. The research proposed here will develop alkaline stable bipolar membranes with electronically conducting interlayer regions that are suitable for use in water treatment applications. Aside from the scientific impact of this research will be the production of better bipolar membranes that will be useful in a wide variety of applications. The area where bipolar membranes can make the biggest impact is in water treatment. Bipolar membrane electrodialysis can be used to both desalinate water and to provide the acid and bases that are commonly used in water treatment applications, such as: ion exchange regeneration, coagulation, scale inhibition, decarbonation and pellet softening. Eliminating the use of acids and bases in water treatment will alleviate the problem of salt accumulation in groundwater and other public drinking water supplies in arid regions. The project will support the training and development of one doctoral student and several undergraduate students. In addition, post-doctoral scholars from Mexico supported by the CONACyT program will be integrated in this research. Finally, an education and diversity plan will focus on recruiting students from under-represented groups and integration of research results into the Fundamentals of Electrochemistry Class that is currently being taught. |
| 资源类型: | 项目
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/91013
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| Appears in Collections: | 全球变化的国际研究计划
科学计划与规划
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| Recommended Citation: | |
James Farrell. Base Stable Bipolar Membranes with Electronically Conductive Interlayers for Environmental Applications. 2016-01-01.
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