| 项目编号: | 1605392
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| 项目名称: | SusChEM: Sustainable material use in laser deposition: integrating experimental design, environmental impact assessment and economic evaluation |
| 作者: | Julie Schoenung
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| 承担单位: | University of California-Irvine
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| 批准年: | 2016
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| 开始日期: | 2016-07-01
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| 结束日期: | 2019-06-30
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| 资助金额: | 402312
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| 资助来源: | US-NSF
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| 项目类别: | Standard Grant
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| 国家: | US
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 特色学科分类: | Engineering - Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems
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| 英文关键词: | direct metal deposition
; material
; alternative feedstock material
; quantitative assessment framework
; experimental design space
; evaluation tool
; scrap material
; various assessment
; trade-off
; actual deposition efficiency
; sustainability
; economic assessment
; design process
; experimental design
; assessment study
; environmental impact assessment
; economic evaluation
; machining chip
; material waste
; feedstock material
; material utilization
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| 英文摘要: | 1605392
Schoebubg, Julie M.
Conventional methods used to fabricate metallic components generally require casting or wrought fabrication processes such as extrusion or forging. Secondary machining steps are generally necessary in order to achieve specified surface finish, dimensional accuracy and geometrical complexity. But machining wastes both material, i.e., the scrap material removed from the bulk part (machining chips), and energy, rendering conventional methods highly inefficient from a sustainability perspective. As an alternative, direct metal deposition techniques are being explored, which create solid metal parts by melting metal powder and depositing material only where it is wanted, thus fabricating the component by adding, rather than subtracting material. This change in fabrication strategy is intended to inherently reduce both energy requirements and material waste by avoiding (or reducing) the extent of secondary machining required. However, the actual deposition efficiency, i.e., fraction of feedstock material that actually becomes part of the consolidated component, has been demonstrated to be as low as ~5%. In practice, the remainder of the powder is generally not reused, and becomes waste (waste powder), just like the machining chips. Consequently, these direct metal deposition processes also present critical issues in terms of sustainability. This research program has three primary research objectives: to formulate a quantitative assessment framework for environmental impact assessment and economic evaluation of direct metal deposition technologies, to utilize this framework to guide the experimental design space for utilizing waste powder and machining chips as alternative feedstock materials in direct metal deposition, and to implement the experimental design, including carefully controlled component fabrication, coupled with in-depth characterization and testing.
This research incorporates various assessment and evaluation tools into a quantitative assessment framework that captures the experimental variables associated with direct metal deposition, especially when utilizing alternative feedstock materials. This framework will be formulated so that it is integrated with and therefore guides the experimental design space, rather than being carried out after all the experimental parameters have been rigidly defined, as is the current norm for assessment studies. Overall, the research will advance the understanding of the performance-sustainability-economics trade-off space for direct metal deposition. Direct metal deposition is a relatively new technology that is promoted to be cost effective and sustainable, due to its ability to create parts through addition, rather than subtraction, of material. Yet the process currently has limitations in materials utilization, but moreover appears to be sufficiently robust to potentially overcome these limitations through the utilization of alternative feedstock materials. From a broad perspective, these topics present a foundational opportunity to highlight trade-offs between performance, sustainability and economics, and furthermore to promote the incorporation of sustainability and economic assessment early in the design process. |
| 资源类型: | 项目
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/92014
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| Appears in Collections: | 全球变化的国际研究计划
科学计划与规划
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Julie Schoenung. SusChEM: Sustainable material use in laser deposition: integrating experimental design, environmental impact assessment and economic evaluation. 2016-01-01.
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