| 项目编号: | 1505145
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| 项目名称: | Studies of the Early-1990s Climate Shift in the Pacific and Its Linkage to the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation |
| 作者: | Jin-Yi Yu
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| 承担单位: | University of California-Irvine
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| 批准年: | 2014
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| 开始日期: | 2015-09-01
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| 结束日期: | 2018-08-31
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| 资助金额: | USD849543
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| 资助来源: | US-NSF
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| 项目类别: | Standard Grant
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| 国家: | US
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 特色学科分类: | Geosciences - Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences
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| 英文关键词: | climate
; pacific climate shift
; climate shift impact
; subtropical north pacific
; eastern equatorial pacific
; climate model
; el nino/southern oscillation
; pacific ocean
; central pacific enso event
; atlantic multi-decadal oscillation
; climate dynamics
; central equatorial pacific
; atlantic north
; climate shift
; western tropical pacific
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| 英文摘要: | Changes in the climate of the Pacific Ocean and overlying atmosphere have worldwide consequences, and the causes and consequences of such changes are important topics in climate dynamics. One such change is the Pacific climate shift of the early 1990s, in which 1) the location of El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events shifted from the eastern equatorial Pacific to the central equatorial Pacific; 2) the year-to-year variability of the Northern Hemisphere monsoons decreased dramatically; 3) sea level in the western tropical Pacific began rising at a faster rate; and 4) the north equatorial current and countercurrent migrated southward. This project tests the hypothesis that the 1990s climate shift is related to an intensification of the subtropical Pacific high, a quasi-stationary region of high sea level pressure which extends past the dateline from the California coast and covers much of the subtropical North Pacific. When the subtropical Pacific high intensifies the surface winds circulating around it speed up, and the higher speed has the effect of strengthening the coupling of the ocean and atmosphere in the region. Work under this award examines the extent to which the intensification of ocean-atmosphere coupling can lead to the four climate shift impacts listed above. The project further tests the hypothesis that the intensification of the Pacific high occurred in response to the reversal of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO) which occurred at the same time. The AMO is a slowly varying mode of sea surface temperature (SST) variation in which the Atlantic north of the equator is either warmer or colder than average, with a transition from colder to warmer SSTs around 1990.
The research is conducted using a suite of simulations from a climate model configured in various ways to test the hypotheses. In one configuration SSTs are prescribed globally, with the AMO pattern imposed in the Atlantic so that the response of the Pacific high to the AMO can be assessed. Other configurations use a partially or fully interactive ocean model, allowing the changes in the Pacific high to affect SSTs and the subsurface ocean. These configurations allow the changes in ocean-atmosphere coupling and their hypothesized consequences to be examined.
Aside from its scientific interest, the 1990s Pacific climate shift has societal importance due to its worldwide impacts. The variability of monsoon systems is consequential for water resources, while the shift from eastern to central Pacific ENSO events has implications for the impacts of these events on the weather and climate of the US. In addition, the project provides support and training for a postdoctoral associate and two graduate students, thereby providing for the next generation of researchers in this field. |
| 资源类型: | 项目
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/93549
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Jin-Yi Yu. Studies of the Early-1990s Climate Shift in the Pacific and Its Linkage to the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation. 2014-01-01.
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