| 项目编号: | 1526444
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| 项目名称: | Characterization of the Effects of a Severe Drought on Dust Lifting |
| 作者: | Nilton Renno
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| 承担单位: | University of Michigan Ann Arbor
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| 批准年: | 2014
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| 开始日期: | 2015-08-15
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| 结束日期: | 2018-07-31
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| 资助金额: | USD671958
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| 资助来源: | US-NSF
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| 项目类别: | Continuing grant
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| 国家: | US
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 特色学科分类: | Geosciences - Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences
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| 英文关键词: | saltation
; dust lifting
; effect
; dust
; atmosphere
; dust aerosol
; surface
; electric field
; health effect
; dust loading
; dust electrification
; dust cycle
; depth
; larger-scale dust storm
; dust particle
; saltation layer
; vertical dust flux
; dust pollution
; weather phenomenon
; hypothesis
; small-scale dusty plume
|
| 英文摘要: | Dust particles in the atmosphere are known to affect weather and climate through the absorption and scattering of radiation and through their ability to affect cloud processes. In order to better understand the variability of dust loading in the atmosphere it is important to study how dust aerosols are transported from the surface to the atmosphere, a process known as saltation. This award will provide funding for observations and analysis of data from the Owens Lake playa in California, a dry lake bed that is known as a significant source of dust pollution. The research will seek to determine the roles of soil particle size distribution, crusted soil, water content, and dust electrification in saltation. The long-term societal benefits of the project are through better representation of dust in the weather and climate system, thereby improving forecasts. In the shorter-term the researchers will work with the Owens Valley air quality officer, offering a direct link to health effects, and the project will also contribute to the education and training of students.
This research project will investigate the effects of soil composition, particle size distribution, and soil water content on the depth of the saltation layer, the intensity of saltation, the electric fields generated by saltation, and the PM2.5 aerosol concentration as a function of wind shear stress in a variety of weather phenomena and climate conditions. The campaign is primarily observational, with instrumentation residing in the Owens Lake salty playa in California. The three main objectives of the work are in the following areas: 1) Saltation and dust lifting - Continued and improved measurements will be used to test competing hypotheses about the correlation between vertical dust flux and near surface humidity, 2) Effects of electric fields on dust lifting - Electric field data would be used to test the hypothesis that electric forces attract saltating particles toward the surface, inhibiting increases in the depth of the saltation layer with increases in wind shear stress at the surface, and 3) Dusty weather phenomena - The researcher will study the intensity and depth of the saltation layer and dust lifting in weather phenomena ranging from small-scale dusty plumes and vortices to larger-scale dust storms to accurately quantify the contributions from each to the dust cycle. The hypothesis that dust lifted by convective events is much richer in fine particles will also be tested. |
| 资源类型: | 项目
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/93628
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Nilton Renno. Characterization of the Effects of a Severe Drought on Dust Lifting. 2014-01-01.
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