| 项目编号: | 1516593
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| 项目名称: | Collaborative Research: Tectonic and climatic forcing of hydrological systems in the southern Great Basin: Implications for ancient and future aquatic ecosystem resilience |
| 作者: | Jeffrey Knott
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| 承担单位: | California State University-Fullerton Foundation
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| 批准年: | 2014
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| 开始日期: | 2015-08-01
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| 结束日期: | 2019-07-31
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| 资助金额: | USD75815
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| 资助来源: | US-NSF
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| 项目类别: | Continuing grant
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| 国家: | US
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 特色学科分类: | Geosciences - Earth Sciences
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| 英文关键词: | spring
; tectonic-geomorphic-hydrologic
; diverse aquaticecosystem
; southern great basin
; spring resilience
; regional tectonic-geomorphic-hydrologic model
; perennial drainage system
; tectonic/paleohydrologic model
; endemic species andfor ecosystem diversity
; thesouthern great basin
; hydrological system
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| 英文摘要: | The southern Great Basin is among the most arid regions in North America. It has almost no
perennial streams, but does have >1,000 springs. These springs are islands of aquatic habitat
in an ocean of desert. Remarkably, many of these isolated springs contain diverse aquatic
ecosystems and even endemic species of fish, spring snails, and other aquatic organisms. The
presence of many aquatic species that can only survive in water is evidence that the springs
are remnants of a perennial drainage system, and the presence of endemic species requiring
intervals in the million-year range for genetic divergence are evidence that at least some
of these springs have never desiccated over the geological time scale. Aquatic biogeographical
patterns thus inform the geological and hydrological history of the region.
This is a project to expand the already-large regional biogeographical database and to use the combined
new and preexisting data to test models of tectonic and paleohydrological evolution of the
southern Great Basin. The PIs will focus on two timescales: that of the extensional breakup of
the region from the late Miocene to the present and that of glacial/interglacial climate cycles.
Extensive work has been done to understand the extensional history of the region, which started
in the eastern portion of the study area at ~14 Ma and migrated westward to the Sierra Nevada
front, driven by plate-boundary dynamics. They will simulate this evolution using a regional
quasi-3D kinematic/tectonic-geomorphic-hydrologic coupled model that fully couples movement
along faults, mass distribution, magmatism, isostatic compensation and flexural deformation
with hydrology and surface geomorphic processes, including erosion and deposition. The extensional
fragmentation of the hydrological system will be studied and groundwater flow, necessary to
simulate the resulting development of springs, will be an integral part of the regional tectonic-geomorphic-hydrologic model.
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Modeled paleohydrologic histories will be tested against biotic data (aquatic biota inventories,
microbial and macrofaunal DNA, and genetic divergence times) with island biogeography theory.
The PIs will test for relations of hydrologic fragmentation chronology with endemic species and
for ecosystem diversity with spring resilience, as inferred from groundwater ages and climatically
driven modeling. They will use these results to assess and improve their tectonic/paleohydrologic models. |
| 资源类型: | 项目
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/93796
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Jeffrey Knott. Collaborative Research: Tectonic and climatic forcing of hydrological systems in the southern Great Basin: Implications for ancient and future aquatic ecosystem resilience. 2014-01-01.
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