| 项目编号: | 1541312
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| 项目名称: | EAGER: The impact of selection and temperate-tropical transitions on the evolution of New World bird diversity |
| 作者: | Frederick Barker
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| 承担单位: | University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
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| 批准年: | 2014
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| 开始日期: | 2015-08-01
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| 结束日期: | 2018-07-31
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| 资助金额: | USD148881
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| 资助来源: | US-NSF
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| 项目类别: | Standard Grant
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| 国家: | US
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 特色学科分类: | Biological Sciences - Environmental Biology
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| 英文关键词: | new world oscine
; new world bird
; evolution
; broad-scale diversity pattern
; biological diversity
; evolutionary driver
; temperate-tropical biogeographic transition
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| 英文摘要: | Many fundamental patterns of biological diversity have been observed, but explaining these patterns has proven challenging. In particular, the tropics (the area ~23.5° north and south of the equator) harbor many more species than the temperate zones, and many of these tropical species are significantly differentiated in their physiology, behavior, and body morphology. Some of these differences have been proposed as evolutionary drivers of species numbers; for instance, species in which females can choose from many competing males may fragment into multiple species more easily as female preferences can quickly change. Testing this and related hypotheses requires comprehensive databases of hard-to-quantify species characteristics, including social group sizes and breeding system. This project will produce the first publicly available large-scale data set that includes a metric of the importance of female choice, male testis size. These data will be compiled for a large sample of New World birds, and used to test for relationships among latitude, breeding system, social system, and the rate of speciation. Understanding these relationships is fundamental to explaining broad-scale diversity patterns, which informs conservation planning and policy.
This project tests the hypothesis that temperate-tropical biogeographic transitions affect the evolution of mating and social systems in New World oscine passerine birds, and ultimately that these behavioral characteristics in turn may have affected diversification rates. Specifically, this work will focus on compilation of a data set of combined testis mass for all New World oscines based on museum specimen data, uniformly analyzed in a fashion unbiased with regard to breeding latitude. Due to the correlation of testis size with the degree of sperm competition, these data can be used as a proxy for breeding system, to test the hypothesis that tropical habitats select for genetic monogamy, favoring the evolution of sociality (in particular, cooperative breeding). New World oscines are ideal for addressing these issues as they are diverse, have transitioned between the tropics and temperate zone many times, are well-represented in museum collections, and nearly all have been included in species-level phylogenies (with the exception of wrens, for which this project will generate the first phylogeny). These data and analyses will form the basis for broader tests of the relationship among latitude, species traits, and diversification rates in New World birds. |
| 资源类型: | 项目
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/93835
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Frederick Barker. EAGER: The impact of selection and temperate-tropical transitions on the evolution of New World bird diversity. 2014-01-01.
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