| 项目编号: | 1501880
|
| 项目名称: | DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Integrating Fossils and Molecules to Trace Ecological Divergence and Convergence in Marine Bivalves |
| 作者: | David Jablonski
|
| 承担单位: | University of Chicago
|
| 批准年: | 2014
|
| 开始日期: | 2015-07-01
|
| 结束日期: | 2018-12-31
|
| 资助金额: | USD10810
|
| 资助来源: | US-NSF
|
| 项目类别: | Standard Grant
|
| 国家: | US
|
| 语种: | 英语
|
| 特色学科分类: | Biological Sciences - Environmental Biology
|
| 英文关键词: | species
; related species
; researcher
; character displacement
; ecological trait
; research
; fossil record
; marine bivalve
; ecological selection
; evolutionary divergence
; co-occurring
; ecological pressure
; ecological competition
; ecological evolution
; ecological similarity
; ecological divergence
; explicit fossil datum
; similar ecological role
; prominent ecological hypothesis
|
| 英文摘要: | Closely related biological species are thought to exclude one another from a particular habitat because they compete for similar food and habitat resources. Yet, many closely related species inhabit the same geographic space. This research dissects the tension between 1) the ecological pressure on closely related, co-occurring species to use different resources, and 2) the evolutionary tendency for closely related species to play similar ecological roles. By studying ecologically important traits in pairs of closely related species in the fossil record, the researchers will study the ecology of each species when it is, first, isolated from, and then co-occurs with its near relative, giving a direct window into the nature of evolutionary divergence or convergence of those species as they interact. Thus, the balance of pressures pushing species closer in form (as they enter the same environment) and pushing them apart (as they come into ecological competition) can be assessed directly. This research will collaborate with members of the ongoing Bivalve Tree of Life effort and give one of the first examples of ecological evolution over time among closely related bivalve species. Finally, this project will train one graduate student and contribute course material to the researchers? interactive Science Café on the role of ecology in evolution for middle school students at the Chicago Museum of Science and Industry.
The researchers will investigate two prominent ecological hypotheses that suggest co-occurring, closely related species should differ in their ecological traits to ease direct competition for resources. ?Character displacement? predicts that competition between species after they co-occur drives their ecological divergence whereas ?species sorting? involves the co-occurrence of species that already differed ecologically before coming into sympatry. Character displacement and species sorting will be tracked in pairs of related species by using the fossil record to trace shifts from allopatry to sympatry and any corresponding change in ecological traits through time. This project will construct a molecular phylogeny for a genus of marine bivalves along the American coasts, Chione (9 extant species plus 3 extinct species fitted into the molecular tree via analysis of character matrices), which coupled with spatially explicit fossil data will provide unique access to the relation between character displacement, species sorting, and phylogenetic relatedness. Given the tendency for ecological similarity to correlate with relatedness, the researchers expect character displacement and species sorting to operate along a continuum, where character displacement predominates between more closely related species and species sorting predominates between more distantly related species. However, ecological selection imposed by the environment may trump selection mediated by competition. In that case, species will express similar ecological traits where they co-occur. |
| 资源类型: | 项目
|
| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/94143
|
| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应
|
|
There are no files associated with this item.
|
| Recommended Citation: | |
David Jablonski. DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Integrating Fossils and Molecules to Trace Ecological Divergence and Convergence in Marine Bivalves. 2014-01-01.
|
|
|