| 项目编号: | 1501931
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| 项目名称: | DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Carnivory in the Oligo-Miocene: Dietary community ecology and diversity dynamics of large mammalian predators |
| 作者: | Blaire Van Valkenburgh
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| 承担单位: | University of California-Los Angeles
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| 批准年: | 2014
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| 开始日期: | 2015-06-01
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| 结束日期: | 2017-11-30
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| 资助金额: | USD20020
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| 资助来源: | US-NSF
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| 项目类别: | Standard Grant
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| 国家: | US
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 特色学科分类: | Biological Sciences - Environmental Biology
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| 英文关键词: | current carnivore community
; miocene epoch
; competition
; north american oligo-miocene
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| 英文摘要: | Competition is a common explanation for why carnivorous mammals differ in ecology, structure, and function. Over long time scales, it may also explain how current carnivore communities assembled. Dogs (wolves, jackals, foxes, coyotes, domestic dogs) originated in North America 40 million years ago but initially comprised primarily small raccoon-like forms. Although dogs later grew into one of the most diverse carnivore groups, they became large and carnivorous only in the Oligocene and Miocene epochs, 20 million years into their history - why? As the smaller early dogs lived alongside potentially large carnivore competitors - bears, bear-dogs, false saber-toothed cats, and weasels and allies - the North American Oligo-Miocene presents an ideal system to investigate how competition may have shaped, even suppressed, the initial diversification of a group.
Inferring competition in the fossil record is difficult and depends on reconstructing body size and diet from dental and skeletal remains. To do so, this project will use both linear measurements and dental complexity analysis, a new technique that quantifies tooth surfaces using geographic information systems measures. Dental complexity captures the texture of teeth adapted for different diets, ranging from herbivory to carnivory. Combined, these approaches allow the classification of extinct species into body size and dietary types. This can then be used to quantify the potential for competition between dogs and other carnivorous mammals throughout their early evolutionary history. Studying early dogs and their potential competitors will aid understanding of current carnivore communities at this time of accelerated global change. |
| 资源类型: | 项目
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/94475
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Blaire Van Valkenburgh. DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Carnivory in the Oligo-Miocene: Dietary community ecology and diversity dynamics of large mammalian predators. 2014-01-01.
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