| 项目编号: | 1447750
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| 项目名称: | Toward a Better Understanding of Magmatic Processes and Volcanic Hazards at Nyiragongo Volcano, DR Congo |
| 作者: | Kenneth W. Sims
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| 承担单位: | University of Wyoming
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| 批准年: | 2014
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| 开始日期: | 2015-06-01
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| 结束日期: | 2017-05-31
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| 资助金额: | USD267619
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| 资助来源: | US-NSF
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| 项目类别: | Continuing grant
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| 国家: | US
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 特色学科分类: | Geosciences - Earth Sciences
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| 英文关键词: | nyiragongo
; hazard assessment
; dr congo
; similar volcanic process
; dangerous volcano
; goma volcano observatory
; volcanic hazard
; active sister volcano nyamulagira
; active stratovolcano
; goma
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| 英文摘要: | Nyiragongo is a spectacular, active stratovolcano in the Virunga Volcanic Province that towers over the city of Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo), and hosts the world's largest lava lake in its summit crater. Its unusual lavas are some of the least viscous on the planet and are capable of moving at velocities of up to tens of kilometers per hour. Nyiragongo is also a dangerous volcano. It looms within 20 km of the major population centers of Goma and neighboring Gisenyi Rwanda, with a combined population of at least 1 million. Destructive eruptions in 1977 and 2002 claimed many lives and devastated infrastructure in this war torn region. The next eruption could prove disastrous in this politically volatile and economically challenged area and there is consequently an urgent need to provide a concrete scientific framework for hazard assessment and risk mitigation at Nyiragongo. There is a dearth of scientific contributions that address magmatic cyclicity at this volcano and thus the primary goal of this research is to provide a temporal structure of past eruptions by age dating lava samples from Nyiragongo's main cone and from peripheral volcanic cones, which are especially dangerous because of their proximity to the population of Goma, with many cones residing within the city limits. Findings will be disseminated to the end-users, the residents of Goma and surroundings. Collaborator Dario Tedesco, who for many years has worked closely with the Goma Volcano Observatory and the United Nations addressing the volcanic hazards in the DR Congo, will facilitate this goal. In addition to this hazard assessment component, this research will focus on basic science queries about the highly unusual lavas that erupt at Nyiragongo. Not only will this study contribute to the understanding of the sources and evolution of lava flows at Nyiragongo, but it will also provide an important end-member in global studies of similar volcanic processes. For all of these reasons, this work will be supported in part by NSF's International Science and Engineering Section.
The two explicit goals of this research involve 1) hazard assessment and 2) basic science questions. The primary way in which the first goal will be accomplished is through precise age dating of lava flows and parasitic cones from Nyiragongo using 40Ar/39Ar, 14C, and U decay series isotopes. A more complete temporal framework of past eruptions at Nyiragongo will be gained from these age dates from lavas collected in 2010 and critical new samples from Nyiragongo's lava flows and parasitic cones that will be collected in an ensuing field campaign. The second goal is to enhance basic scientific understanding of the sources, processes and timescales associated with the petrogenesis of the alkaline, silica-undersaturated magmatism at Nyiragongo. These results will then be compared with a separate and parallel study of Nyiragongo's highly active sister volcano Nyamulagira, as well as data from other alkaline volcanic suites around the globe. This goal will be accomplished through the measurement of major- and trace- elements, radiogenic Nd, Sr, Hf and Pb isotopes and both long- and short-lived U and Th decay series isotopes in young, known age lavas collected from Nyiragongo's lava lake in 2010. |
| 资源类型: | 项目
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/94568
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Kenneth W. Sims. Toward a Better Understanding of Magmatic Processes and Volcanic Hazards at Nyiragongo Volcano, DR Congo. 2014-01-01.
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