globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
项目编号: 1453241
项目名称:
CAREER: The evolutionary genetics of constraint and evolvability in an RNA bacteriophage
作者: Siobain Duffy
承担单位: Rutgers University New Brunswick
批准年: 2014
开始日期: 2015-05-15
结束日期: 2020-04-30
资助金额: USD430557
资助来源: US-NSF
项目类别: Continuing grant
国家: US
语种: 英语
特色学科分类: Biological Sciences - Environmental Biology
英文关键词: virus ; bacterium ; rna virus ; double-stranded rna bacteriophage phi6 ; alternate strain ; academic career ; research
英文摘要: The goal of this project is to study how interactions among genes limits evolution. Using viruses that only infect bacteria, the steps that viruses take when infecting and adapting to new hosts will be studied. Understanding evolutionary limits is especially important for viruses as they can be threats to the health of humans, livestock, and crops. Successfully switching to a new host species requires multiple changes in a virus' genes, and there are many possible sets or pathways of change. Because these viruses are not pathogenic to humans, middle-school students at an urban charter school can be involved in some of the actual experimental work during an after-school activity. This research will be furthered by a laboratory course in experimental evolution for undergraduate students, and trainees supported by the grant will be mentored and trained in teaching techniques and curriculum development as well as research methods. Through this approach, 50 New Brunswick middle school students and 40 Rutgers undergraduates will be introduced to research in viral evolution, while two junior scientists will be prepared for an academic career that combines research and teaching.

The double-stranded RNA bacteriophage phi6, which infects different strains and species of Pseudomonas bacteria, will be used to study how initial host range mutations and previous evolution (mutations fixed during specialization on one host) affects phage evolutionary pathways and emergence in different novel hosts. Experimental evolution of replicate populations will expose phages to single or multiple hosts for over 100 generations at a time. Sequencing will determine how often the same mutations were fixed by replicate lineages, or by different genotypes. Finally, genetic crosses will create hybrid viral genotypes that will explore how interactions between mutations affect emergence on alternate strains of bacteria, and how many mutations trap a lineage by limiting its evolvability. These experiments will demonstrate how often RNA viruses must reverse substitutions that were adaptive in one environment in order to adapt to another.
资源类型: 项目
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/94614
Appears in Collections:影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应

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Recommended Citation:
Siobain Duffy. CAREER: The evolutionary genetics of constraint and evolvability in an RNA bacteriophage. 2014-01-01.
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