| 项目编号: | 1347992
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| 项目名称: | Large Scale Molten Fuel Coolant Interaction Experiments: Explosion Initiation and Propagation |
| 作者: | Ingo Sonder
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| 承担单位: | SUNY at Buffalo
|
| 批准年: | 2013
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| 开始日期: | 2014-09-01
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| 结束日期: | 2018-08-31
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| 资助金额: | USD293501
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| 资助来源: | US-NSF
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| 项目类别: | Continuing grant
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| 国家: | US
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 特色学科分类: | Geosciences - Earth Sciences
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| 英文关键词: | crucible
; scale
; explosion
; experiment
; experimental result
; experimental capability
; direct interaction
; explosive experiment
; up-scaled device
; initial experiment
; explosion intensity
; interesting mid-scale parameter space
|
| 英文摘要: | 1347992
Sonder
This grant supports development of an experimental capability to control influencing parameters and study the behavior of phreatomagmatic events. Specifically, the PIs will develop a significantly and, as of yet unexplored, up-scaled device for controlling and observing the behavior of triggered explosive phreatomagmatic volcanism by: 1) assembling and developing a tiltable furnace for melting natural igneous rock; 2) developing a 25-50 L insulated crucible into which the melt would be poured and through the base of which water can be injected at various isolated points throughout the melt to create a phreatomagmatic ?premix? in which a quasi-stable water vapor phase separates the liquid water from the melt; 3) developing a trigger system (e.g., an air gun directed into the crucible containing the premix or a hammer device) to induce breakdown of separating water vapor phase such that direct interaction of hot magma and liquid water causes rapid cooling and leads to explosive volcanism; and 4) instrumenting the crucible with observation methodologies to study the mechanical and dynamical behavior of the system (e.g., high-speed force transducers mounted on the bottom of the crucible to measure the vertical forces of explosion, thermocouples within the crucible to measure melt temperatures, high speed cameras to observe ejecta). The development of the device will involve consultation with scientists at Wurzburg University in Germany and engage a Ph.D. student in instrument system engineering and experimentation. Initial experiments will varying the pre-mix parameters (injected water geometry and volumes and preloading of water down the crucible supply ramp ? dynamic premix), testing differing triggering mechanisms and subsequent study of ejecta (e.g., grain size analysis, spatial distribution, textural and mineralogical study of ash minerals). Melt composition will be maintained as a constant for experiments. The explosive experiments will be carried out at an extant outdoor facility (the GeoHazards Field Station leased by SUNY-Buffalo that is already permitted for explosives.
The proposed scale of the device represents the potential for a two order of magnitude increase in the volume of magma premix that has hitherto been experimentally controlled to study phreatomagmatism and presents an interesting mid-scale parameter space to study of phreatomagmatic behavior and the conditions that favor hazardous ash clouds and pyroclastic density current formation. This scale of experiment is far from the scale of natural systems, but should offer new insights into questions surrounding the nature of phreatomagmatism including: 1) what is the influence of many water domains entrapped in the melt on explosion intensity when they are homogeneously and inhomogeneously distributed? and 2) is there a minimum trigger energy necessary to start the explosion, or can a premix effectively explode by itself? Experimental results will feed into models that attempt to scale laboratory observations to natural system behavior.
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| 资源类型: | 项目
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/95821
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Ingo Sonder. Large Scale Molten Fuel Coolant Interaction Experiments: Explosion Initiation and Propagation. 2013-01-01.
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