| 项目编号: | 1449197
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| 项目名称: | RAPID: Gauging the impacts of California's 500-year drought on aeolian inputs to mountain soils and ecosystems |
| 作者: | Emma Aronson
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| 承担单位: | University of California-Riverside
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| 批准年: | 2013
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| 开始日期: | 2014-08-01
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| 结束日期: | 2015-07-31
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| 资助金额: | USD29985
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| 资助来源: | US-NSF
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| 项目类别: | Standard Grant
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| 国家: | US
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 特色学科分类: | Geosciences - Earth Sciences
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| 英文关键词: | dust
; ecosystem
; mega-drought
; soil sample
; nutrient
; severe drought
; sierra nevada mountain
; mega-drought-induced dust transport
; bare natural ecosystem
; ecosystem impact
; extreme drought
; current drought
|
| 英文摘要: | Mounting evidence shows that California is currently experiencing the most severe drought since 1580, yet it is likely that droughts such as these will become more common as the climate changes. Any drought, particularly one of this magnitude, can elevate dust transport, from fallow croplands and bare natural ecosystems, to sometimes distant locations. The dust being transported may bring nutrients and microorganisms, with unknown, but potentially transformational, impacts on the ecosystems where the dust is deposited. This project proposes to take advantage of the unique extremity of the current drought by measuring the ecosystem impact of increased dust to the Sierra Nevada mountains. The investigator will measure the amount and microbial composition of dust transported to the Sierras. Collaborators will determine the origin (using isotopic chemistry) and chemical makeup of the dust. In the future, the investigator will endeavor to compare the data rapidly collected during this year of extreme drought to data to be collected in wetter years.
Dust will be collected at four sites along an elevational gradient in the Southern Sierra Critical Zone Observatory (SSCZO), ranging from 400 m to 2700 m elevation. At each site, dust will be collected monthly through November 2014, and again in Spring 2015, from passive dust collectors and from filters (1 um pore size) on the Eddy Covariance Towers active CO2 samplers. To complement dust collection, soil samples (10 cm depth) will be collected within the footprint of the towers. The origin of dust samples will be determined using radiogenic strontium (Sr) and neodymium (Nd) isotopic tracers. Nutrients and microbial composition of dust and soil samples will also be analyzed. This approach will allow to identify the effects of mega-droughts on i) dust-related contributions to the geobiology and biogeochemistry of soils and ecosystems, ii) the role of local versus distant dust sources of microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea and fungi, and of nutrients to the Sierra Nevada, and iii) the role of elevation in determining the ecological effects of mega-drought-induced dust transport. |
| 资源类型: | 项目
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/96273
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Emma Aronson. RAPID: Gauging the impacts of California's 500-year drought on aeolian inputs to mountain soils and ecosystems. 2013-01-01.
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