| 项目编号: | 1407149
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| 项目名称: | DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Local adaptation and fitness trade-offs in the California annual, Leptosiphon parviflorus |
| 作者: | Douglas Schemske
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| 承担单位: | Michigan State University
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| 批准年: | 2013
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| 开始日期: | 2014-06-01
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| 结束日期: | 2016-05-31
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| 资助金额: | USD19860
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| 资助来源: | US-NSF
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| 项目类别: | Standard Grant
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| 国家: | US
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 特色学科分类: | Biological Sciences - Environmental Biology
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| 英文关键词: | trade-off
; trait
; flower color
; plant
; soil type
; adaptation
; research
; fitness
; adaptive trade-off
; fitness advantage
; fitness effect
; fitness disadvantage
; fitness consequence
; california grassland
; population
; soil adaptation
; local adaptation
; environment
; leptosiphon parviflorus
; magnitude
; fitness trade-off
|
| 英文摘要: | The study of adaptation is central both to understanding the biological diversity of natural ecosystems and to the development of agriculture. A common observation is that organisms differ in traits that make them uniquely suited to live in a particular habitat. This process, called local adaptation, is often thought to result from adaptive "trade-offs", where traits that improve performance in one environment reduce it in another. The current study examines adaptive trade-offs in a pair of locally adapted populations of an annual wildflower, Leptosiphon parviflorus, which lives on two contrasting soil types, sandstone and serpentine, in a California grassland. There are several broad impacts to this research. First, understanding how adaptive traits contribute to biological diversity and whether they have fitness consequences in alternate environments is important for predicting how species will respond to environmental change. Although it is believed that plants may shift their ranges as a result of climate change, it is important to understand how adaptation to a particular soil type, such as serpentine, can limit their suitable habitat. In addition, understanding how traits affect fitness in different environments has implications for agriculture. Breeders need to understand whether traits that increase crop yields in one environment can negatively impact yields in another environment. Many physiological traits that will be studied through this research are important agricultural traits, such as the ability to live on poor quality soils, or to survive periods of drought. Increased knowledge of the consequences of these traits on growth and survival in different habitats may expand suitable areas for farming. Finally, the co-PI for this project works in a rural middle school through the NSF GK-12 program, a program that aims to teach scientific inquiry to K-12 students. Results from this project will be introduced to students and teachers through lesson plans and workshops.
Sandstone soils have adequate levels of nutrients, while serpentine soils are low in vital plant nutrients and have high levels of magnesium, which can be toxic to plants. In addition, serpentine soils dry out more easily than sandstone soils. Due to these characteristics, many unique plants live in serpentine soils. Although the populations in the current study are in close proximity, they differ in their flower color and flowering times, indicating that these traits may contribute to adaptive trade-offs. This research investigates the effects that these traits have on growth, survival and reproduction within each soil type, and why traits that are adaptive in one soil type decrease performance in the other.
Several methods will be used. First, an experimental evolution study in the greenhouse with plants that represent a genomic mixture of the two parents, will grow lines on both types of soil. After 5 generations, to determine the extent of selection in the greenhouse experimental lines, they will be grown in both habitats in the field along with a control non-selected line. If plants have higher fitness on the soil from which they were selected and reduced fitness on the foreign soil relative to the non-selected line, then adaptation to soil type results in fitness trade-offs. The magnitude of these trade-offs can be measured to determine if fitness advantages on the home soil are similar in magnitude to fitness disadvantages on foreign soil.
Interestingly, flower color does not appear to affect pollinator visitation, suggesting that it may contribute to soil adaptation through indirect effects on drought tolerance or nutrient uptake. Flower color will be studied further using plants produced from a series of cross-pollinations that have isolated the flower color from one population and bred it into the genetic background of the other. This allows us to measure effects of this trait independently of others. The plants with the pink flower color locus from the serpentine population will be introgressed into the genetic background of the sandstone population. With these plants, the fitness effects of flower color in both habitats can be measured to determine the magnitude of trade-offs due to this single trait. Furthermore, we will explore the possibility that the flower color gene affects other traits such as water use efficiency and nutrient uptake using these lines, as they are implicated in soil tolerance and potentially share biochemical pathways with floral pigments. |
| 资源类型: | 项目
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/96780
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Douglas Schemske. DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Local adaptation and fitness trade-offs in the California annual, Leptosiphon parviflorus. 2013-01-01.
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