| 项目编号: | 1344553
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| 项目名称: | The Hydromechanical Wild Card: The Role of Ice Sheets in Crustal Stress Changes, Anomalous Pore Pressures Generation and Seismicity within the Midcontinent Region of North America |
| 作者: | Mark Person
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| 承担单位: | New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology
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| 批准年: | 2013
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| 开始日期: | 2014-03-01
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| 结束日期: | 2017-02-28
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| 资助金额: | USD174650
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| 资助来源: | US-NSF
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| 项目类别: | Standard Grant
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| 国家: | US
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 特色学科分类: | Geosciences - Earth Sciences
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| 英文关键词: | region
; seismicity
; midcontent region
; pore pressure/salinity/isotopic datum
; midcontinent holocene
; pore pressure anomaly
; laruentide ice sheet
; north american craton
; pleistocene ice-sheet loading
; shear stress
; pore pressure
; high fluid pressure
; ice sheet terminus
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| 英文摘要: | The midcontent region of the North American craton has experienced a number of large ( > M6) earthquakes beyond the terminus of the Laruentide Ice Sheet during the Holocene and Anthropocene. The mechanisms responsible for these earthquakes are poorly understood. The main goal of this study is to assess the consequences of lithosphere flexure associated with Pleistocene ice-sheet loading on the build up and preservation of pore pressure anomalies and seismicity within the Proterozoic crystalline basement and overlying sedimentary rocks of the Michigan and Illinois Basins. We hypothesize that shear stress build up within the upper crust (10-20 km depth) beyond the ice sheet terminus causes pore pressure increases within low-permeable environments capable of inducing seismic events. Underpressures, such as those observed at the proposed Canadian nuclear waste repository site on the eastern flank of the Michigan Basin, should occur in formerly glaciated areas undergoing rebound today. Using COMSOL, we will develop a two-dimensional geomechanical-hydrologic-solute transport model capable of representing lithosphere flexure and poro-elastic deformation as well as asthenosphere and groundwater flow. We will utilize a simple Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria as a metric for determining regions of the Earth?s crust that are likely to fail. Ground truth for this model will include the position and (where possible) depths of midcontinent Holocene and Anthropocene earthquakes as well as pore pressure/salinity/isotopic data from reservoirs and confining units of the Illinois and Michigan Basins.
Isolating high-level nuclear waste requires consideration of future hydrologic and geomorphic conditions on time scale of up to one million years. The results of this project should be especially relevant to nuclear waste isolation programs in countries located at high latitude countries ( > 40o N) such as those in Canada, Sweden, Switzerland, and Finland. All of these countries could experience future glacations. Project results will be made available to the Canadian Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO) and the Swedish Nuclear Waste Management Agency (SKB). This work may also be of benefit to groups studying induced seismicity within the midcontinent by indentifying regions of the Earth?s crust that could preserve high fluid pressures and would be prone to failure. This project will train one graduate student at NM Tech, a minority-serving institution. Effort will be made to recruit a woman and/or an individual from an under-represented group. |
| 资源类型: | 项目
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/97327
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Mark Person. The Hydromechanical Wild Card: The Role of Ice Sheets in Crustal Stress Changes, Anomalous Pore Pressures Generation and Seismicity within the Midcontinent Region of North America. 2013-01-01.
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