globalchange  > 气候减缓与适应
DOI: 10.1038/ngeo2794
论文题名:
Coupling of turbulent and non-turbulent flow regimes within pyroclastic density currents
作者: Breard E.C.P.; Lube G.; Jones J.R.; Dufek J.; Cronin S.J.; Valentine G.A.; Moebis A.
刊名: Nature Geoscience
ISSN: 17520894
出版年: 2016
卷: 9, 期:10
起始页码: 767
结束页码: 771
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: density current ; hazard assessment ; kinematics ; pyroclastic flow ; stratification ; turbulent flow ; volcanic eruption
英文摘要: Volcanic eruptions are at their most deadly when pyroclastic density currents sweep across landscapes to devastate everything in their path. The internal dynamics underpinning these hazards cannot be directly observed. Here we present a quantitative view inside pyroclastic density currents by synthesizing their natural flow behaviour in large-scale experiments. The experiments trace flow dynamics from initiation to deposition, and can explain the sequence and evolution of real-world deposits. We show that, inside pyroclastic density currents, the long-hypothesized non-turbulent underflow and fully turbulent ash-cloud regions are linked through a hitherto unrecognized middle zone of intermediate turbulence and concentration. Bounded by abrupt jumps in turbulence, the middle zone couples underflow and ash-cloud regions kinematically. Inside this zone, strong feedback between gas and particle phases leads to the formation of mesoscale turbulence clusters. These extremely fast-settling dendritic structures dictate the internal stratification and evolution of pyroclastic density currents and allow the underflows to grow significantly during runout. Our experiments reveal how the underflow and ash-cloud regions are dynamically related - insights that are relevant to the forecasting of pyroclastic density current behaviour in volcanic hazard models. © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/105907
Appears in Collections:气候减缓与适应
科学计划与规划

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作者单位: Volcanic Risk Solutions, Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand; School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; School of Earth and Atmospheric Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, United States; School of Environment, University of Auckland, 3A Symonds St, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Geology, State University of New York, University at Buffalo, 411 Cooke Hall, Buffalo, NY, United States

Recommended Citation:
Breard E.C.P.,Lube G.,Jones J.R.,et al. Coupling of turbulent and non-turbulent flow regimes within pyroclastic density currents[J]. Nature Geoscience,2016-01-01,9(10)
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