globalchange  > 气候减缓与适应
DOI: 10.1038/ngeo2679
论文题名:
Biological role in the transformation of platinum-group mineral grains
作者: Reith F.; Zammit C.M.; Shar S.S.; Etschmann B.; Bottrill R.; Southam G.; Ta C.; Kilburn M.; Oberthür T.; Ball A.S.; Brugger J.
刊名: Nature Geoscience
ISSN: 17520894
出版年: 2016
卷: 9, 期:4
起始页码: 294
结束页码: 298
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: accumulation ; aggregate ; bacterium ; biofilm ; biogenic mineral ; biotransformation ; community composition ; gold ; microbial community ; mobility ; nanoparticle ; ore deposit ; platinum ; soil microorganism ; Australia ; Brazil ; Colombia ; Bacteria (microorganisms) ; Proteobacteria
英文摘要: Platinum-group elements are strategically important metals. Finding new deposits is becoming increasingly difficult owing to our limited understanding of the processes that affect their mobility in surface environments. Microorganisms have been shown to promote the mobility of metals around ore deposits. Here we show that microorganisms influence the mobility of platinum-group elements in mineral grains collected from Brazil, Australia and Colombia. Scanning electron microscopy showed biofilms covering the platinum-group mineral grains. The biofilms contained abundant platinum-group element nanoparticles and microcrystalline aggregates, and were dominated by Proteobacteria, many of which were closely related to known metal-resistant species. Some platinum-group mineral grains contained carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, selenium and iodine, suggesting the grains may be biogenic in origin. Molecular analyses show that Brazilian platinum-palladium grains hosted specific bacterial communities, which were different in composition from communities associated with gold grains, or communities in surrounding soils and sediments. Nano-phase metallic platinum accumulated when a metallophillic bacterium was incubated with a percolating platinum-containing medium, suggesting that biofilms can cause the precipitation of mobile platinum complexes. We conclude that biofilms are capable of forming or transforming platinum-group mineral grains, and may play an important role for platinum-group element dispersion and re-concentration in surface environments. © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/106028
Appears in Collections:气候减缓与适应
科学计划与规划

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作者单位: School of Biological Sciences, Sprigg Geobiology Centre, University of AdelaideSA, Australia; CSIRO Land and Water, PMB2, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia; School of Earth Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia; Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation, School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora, VIC, Australia; School of Earth, Atmosphere and the Environment, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Mineral Resources Tasmania, Department of State Growth, Rosny Park, TAS, Australia; National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Fosters Avenue, Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland; Centre of Microscopy Characterisation and Analysis, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA, Australia; Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, Germany

Recommended Citation:
Reith F.,Zammit C.M.,Shar S.S.,et al. Biological role in the transformation of platinum-group mineral grains[J]. Nature Geoscience,2016-01-01,9(4)
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