DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.08.045
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85028575612
论文题名: Transport and retention of carbon dots (CDs) in saturated and unsaturated porous media: Role of ionic strength, pH, and collector grain size
作者: Kamrani S. ; Rezaei M. ; Kord M. ; Baalousha M.
刊名: Water Research
ISSN: 431354
出版年: 2018
卷: 133 起始页码: 338
结束页码: 347
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Carbon dot nanoparticle
; DLVO theory
; Retention
; Saturated sand column
; Transport
; Unsaturated sand column
Scopus关键词: Carbon nanotubes
; Consumer products
; Fullerenes
; Grain size and shape
; Nanoparticles
; Porous materials
; Quartz
; Sodium chloride
; Yarn
; DLVO theory
; Retention
; Saturated sand
; Transport
; Unsaturated sand
; Ionic strength
; carbon nanotube
; fullerene derivative
; quantum dot
; silicon dioxide
; carbon
; nanoparticle
; carbon
; equation
; ionic composition
; nanoparticle
; numerical model
; particle size
; pH
; physicochemical property
; porous medium
; quartz
; reaction kinetics
; retention
; saturated medium
; theory
; transport process
; unsaturated flow
; advection
; Article
; dispersion
; energy
; infrared spectroscopy
; ionic strength
; mathematical model
; molecular interaction
; nanofabrication
; particle size
; pH
; porosity
; priority journal
; surface property
; synthesis
; transmission electron microscopy
; transport kinetics
; ultraviolet spectroscopy
; chemistry
; kinetics
; osmolarity
; particle size
; pH
; porosity
; theoretical model
; water flow
; Carbon
; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
; Kinetics
; Models, Theoretical
; Nanoparticles
; Osmolar Concentration
; Particle Size
; Porosity
; Quartz
; Water Movements
英文摘要: Carbon-based engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are widely used in consumer products due to their small size and unique physicochemical properties. Therefore, their release and distribution into the surface and subsurface environment is a subject of concern. Several studies have evaluated the transport and retention of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes, but none investigated the transport and retention of carbon dots (CDs). The aim of this research is to fill this knowledge gap by evaluating the transport and retention of CDs in saturated and unsaturated porous medium. Here, we investigate the effects of solution ionic strength (IS, 1–700 mM NaCl) and pH (4–9), the initial concentration of CDs (50–200 mg L−1), and porous media grain size (0.20–0.50 mm, 0.50–1 mm, 1–1.5 mm and 1.5–2 mm grain diameters) on the transport and retention of CDs in saturated (upward flow) and unsaturated (downward flow) quartz porous media. A mathematical model based on the advection-dispersion equation coupled with the second-order kinetics was used to fit the breakthrough curves and to calculate the attachment and straining rates under the different experimental conditions. These analyses were underpinned by characterization of CD surface functional groups, surface charge and aggregation under the different experimental conditions, calculation of CD-CD and CD-quartz sand interaction potential according to DLVO theory. Transport and retention of CDs in quartz porous media are consistent with those observed for other types of carbon-based ENPs such as fullerenes and carbon nanotubes. Mobility of CDs in both saturated and unsaturated porous media increases with the decrease in ionic strength, increase in pH, and increase in collector grain size. Retention of CDs increases with the increase in IS, decrease in pH and decrease in grain size. Generally, CDs mobility was higher under saturated than under unsaturated flow conditions, for the same experimental conditions. Overall, CDs tend to be highly mobile and could travel for long distances at a wide range of environmental conditions. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/112947
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Department of Applied Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Hydrogeology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Iran; Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, United States
Recommended Citation:
Kamrani S.,Rezaei M.,Kord M.,et al. Transport and retention of carbon dots (CDs) in saturated and unsaturated porous media: Role of ionic strength, pH, and collector grain size[J]. Water Research,2018-01-01,133