Intra-specific variation in growth and wood density traits under water-limited conditions: Long-term-, short-term-, and sudden responses of four conifer tree species
Consequences of climate change will severely affect forest ecosystems in the near future, yet our understanding of how and why trees are responding to their abiotic environment is still limited. Intra-specific variation (ITV) in the growth response of trees to warming and drought has been widely neglected so far, but could play a key role for adapting forests to future climate conditions. We analyzed tree rings from four conifers (Picea abies, Abies alba, Larix decidua, Pseudotsuga menziesii) regarding their intra-specific adaptation potential when trees are growing at the warm and dry margins of species distributions. Our study comprises data from four common garden experiments (45 provenances and a total of 743 trees) and assessed growth response at different temporal scales from decades (long-term) to only a few event years (short-term) and finally for density fluctuations within one year (sudden response). We observed significant variation among provenances at all time-scales, but with varying degree among species. However, variation in short-term response (drought years) was remarkably unstable across all species, when the seasonal variation of drought occurrence was considered. Silver-fir and Douglas-fir showed significant associations between seed-source climate and growth response as well as trade-offs between early- and latewood growth reaction which strongly suggests that growth responses are adaptive. Intra-specific variation in conifers in response to drought will probably be sufficient to mitigate climate change consequences on forest growth, but growth-environment interactions as well as dependencies between temporal scales could create major pitfalls for adaptive forest management in the future. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
1.Fed Res & Training Ctr Forests, Nat Hazards & Landscape BFW, Dept Forest Genet, Seckendorff Gudent Weg 8, A-1131 Vienna, Austria 2.Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci BOKU, Inst Wood Sci & Technol, Konrad Lorenz Str 24, A-3430 Tulin An Der Donau, Austria 3.Univ Coimbra, Dept Life Sci, CFE Ctr Funct Ecol Sci People & Planet, P-3000456 Coimbra, Portugal 4.Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci BOKU, Inst Silviculture, Peter Jordan Str 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria 5.Fed Res & Training Ctr Forests, Nat Hazards & Landscape BFW, Dept Forest Growth & Silviculture, Seckendorff Gudent Weg 8, A-1131 Vienna, Austria
Recommended Citation:
George, Jan-Peter,Grabner, Michael,Campelo, Filipe,et al. Intra-specific variation in growth and wood density traits under water-limited conditions: Long-term-, short-term-, and sudden responses of four conifer tree species[J]. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,2019-01-01,660:631-643