Grassland is one important terrestrial ecosystem to play an essential role in global carbon cycle. With vast grassland, Inner Mongolia is one animal husbandry base in China. Due to natural disasters (climate change,diseases, pests, and rodents) and irrational human activities (unlimited grassland cultivation and over grazing), degradation, desertification and salinization have become the most critical issues for grassland ecological protection,as well as sharp decreasing of grassland carbon pool. However,through effective and efficient management measures, the situations of degradation,desertification and salinization of grassland can be alleviated significantly, grassland ecosystem can be improved greatly, degraded grassland can be restored, grassland carbon pool can be reinstated and economic values of grassland sink can be promoted intensely. In this study,first,the situation of grassland degradation in Inner Mongolia was analyzed and carbon sink potential of degraded grassland was evaluated. Second,in order to choose the most suitable grassland management measure for different types of grassland, three representative sites, Siziwang Banner (desert steppe), Maodeng Pasture Farm (typical steppe) and Etuokeqian Banner (degraded grassland restoration)were selected to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of various grassland management measures. Finally, some suggestions were proposed according to the results of field survey.