Forestry is specially positioned and importantly functional in response to global climate change, and sustainable forest management targeting the sustainable social, economic and environmental development is a global trend. This paper discussed the unique effect of forests on mitigating and adapting climate change. The focus analysis was put on the effects of different forest management methods on timber outputs and carbon storage, and the trade-offs between carbon sequestration and timber production under different management frameworks were evaluated based on the developing trend of sustainable forestry. The future research priorities and difficulties for forest management measures were discussed against the challenge of global climate change over forest ecosystem, which is aimed to provide theoretical references for the reasonable forest management regimes.