Using monthly aboveground biomass observed data in growing season during 1994~2014 in Xianghuang Banner grassland experimental station, CENTURY model was tested. Dynamic changes of simulated aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) were studied by CENTURY model in Xianghuang Banner typical steppe during 1961~2014, and the correlations of ANPP and meteorological factors were analyzed. Model test results showed that CENTURY model can successfully simulate the seasonal and inter-annual change trends of ANPP. The precipitation was the main limiting factor for above ground biomass in typical steppe in Xianghuang Banner, followed by annual average highest temperature and growth season average highest temperature; the climate change in future in typical steppe in Xianghuang Banner was estimated, in SRES B2, temperature and precipitation will be increased, the ANPP had also increased by 0.131 g/m~2 per decade. With the increase in temperature and precipitation, the negative effect of temperature on ANPP in typical grassland in Xianghuang Banner will be further strengthened.