globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
DOI: 10.5194/hess-24-3475-2020
论文题名:
Importance of snowmelt contribution to seasonal runoff and summer low flows in Czechia
作者: Jenicek M.; Ledvinka O.
刊名: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
ISSN: 1027-5606
出版年: 2020
卷: 24, 期:7
起始页码: 3475
结束页码: 3491
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Catchments ; Rain ; Recharging (underground waters) ; Snow ; Snow melting systems ; Stream flow ; Catchment modeling ; Catchment runoffs ; Drought periods ; Ground water recharge ; Interannual variation ; Snow water equivalent ; Summer precipitation ; Winter snowpack ; Runoff ; annual variation ; baseflow ; catchment ; evapotranspiration ; low flow ; precipitable water ; runoff ; seasonality ; snowmelt ; snowpack ; streamflow ; water budget ; Czech Republic
英文摘要: The streamflow seasonality in mountain catchments is often influenced by snow. However, a shift from snowfall to rain is expected in the future. Consequently, a decrease in snow storage and earlier snowmelt is predicted, which will cause changes not only in seasonal runoff distribution in snow-dominated catchments, but it may also affect the total annual runoff. The objectives of this study were to quantify (1) how inter-annual variations in snow storages affect spring and summer runoff, including summer low flows, and (2) the importance of snowmelt in generating runoff compared to rainfall. The snow storage, groundwater recharge and streamflow were simulated for 59 mountain catchments in Czechia in the period from 1980 to 2014 using a bucket-type catchment model. The model output was evaluated against observed daily runoff and snow water equivalent. Hypothetical scenarios were performed, which allowed for analysing the effect of inter-annual variations in snow storage on seasonal runoff separately from other components of the water balance.

The results showed that 17 %-42 % (26 % on average) of the total runoff in the study catchments originates as snowmelt, despite the fact that only 12 %-37 % (20 % on average) of the precipitation falls as snow. This means that snow is more effective in generating catchment runoff compared to liquid precipitation. This was demonstrated by modelling experiments which showed that total annual runoff and groundwater recharge decrease in the case of a precipitation shift from snow to rain. In general, snow-poor years were clearly characterized by a lower snowmelt runoff contribution compared to snow-rich years in the analysed period. Additionally, snowmelt started earlier in these snow-poor years and caused lower groundwater recharge. This also affected summer baseflow. For most of the catchments, the lowest summer baseflow was reached in years with both relatively low summer precipitation and snow storage. This showed that summer low flows (directly related to baseflow) in our study catchments are not only a function of low precipitation and high evapotranspiration, but they are significantly affected by the previous winter snowpack. This effect might intensify drought periods in the future when generally less snow is expected. © 2020 EDP Sciences. All rights reserved.

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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/162646
Appears in Collections:气候变化与战略

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作者单位: Jenicek, M., Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Ledvinka, O., Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Prague, Czech Republic

Recommended Citation:
Jenicek M.,Ledvinka O.. Importance of snowmelt contribution to seasonal runoff and summer low flows in Czechia[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2020-01-01,24(7)
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