globalchange  > 气候变化事实与影响
DOI: doi:10.1038/nclimate2425
论文题名:
The global groundwater crisis
作者: J. S. Famiglietti
刊名: Nature Climate Change
ISSN: 1758-1117X
EISSN: 1758-7237
出版年: 2014-10-29
卷: Volume:4, 页码:Pages:945;948 (2014)
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Climate change ; Hydrology ; Water resources
英文摘要:

Groundwater depletion the world over poses a far greater threat to global water security than is currently acknowledged.

Groundwater — the water stored beneath Earth's surface in soil and porous rock aquifers — accounts for as much as 33% of total water withdrawals worldwide1. Over two billion people rely on groundwater as their primary water source2, while half or more of the irrigation water used to grow the world's food is supplied from underground sources1.

Groundwater also acts as the key strategic reserve in times of drought3, in particular during prolonged events such as those in progress across the western United States (Fig. 1), northeastern Brazil and Australia. Like money in the bank, groundwater sustains societies through the lean times of little incoming rain and snow. Hence, without a sustainable groundwater reserve, global water security is at far greater risk than is currently recognized.

Figure 1: NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission is providing new, space-based insights into the global nature of groundwater depletion3, 4, 5.
NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission is providing new, space-based insights into the global nature of groundwater depletion.

The ongoing California drought is evident in these maps of dry season (September–November) total water storage anomalies (in mm equivalent water height; anomalies with respect to 2005–2010) in the western United States. The maps were constructed using GRACE Mascons solutions from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (M. M. Watkins, D. N. Wiese, D.-N. Yuan, C. Boening and F. W. Landerer, unpublished results). California's Sacramento and San Joaquin river basins have lost roughly 15 km3 of total water per year since 2011 — more water than all 38 million Californians use for domestic and municipal supplies annually — over half of which is due to groundwater pumping in the Central Valley3, 5. Image: Felix W. Landerer, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, USA.

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http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/v4/n11/full/nclimate2425.html
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/4945
Appears in Collections:气候变化事实与影响
科学计划与规划
气候变化与战略

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J. S. Famiglietti. The global groundwater crisis[J]. Nature Climate Change,2014-10-29,Volume:4:Pages:945;948 (2014).
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