DOI: | 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00416.1
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Scopus记录号: | 2-s2.0-84874849545
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论文题名: | Sensitivity to glacial forcing in the CCSM4 |
作者: | Brady E.C.; Otto-bliesner B.L.; Kay J.E.; Rosenbloom N.
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刊名: | Journal of Climate
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ISSN: | 8948755
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出版年: | 2013
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卷: | 26, 期:6 | 起始页码: | 1901
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结束页码: | 1925
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语种: | 英语
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Scopus关键词: | Antarctic Bottom Water
; Atlantic meridional overturning circulations
; Climate change simulations
; Community climate system model
; Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
; Intergovernmental panel on climate changes
; North Atlantic Deep Water
; Sensitivity Simulation
; Atmospheric aerosols
; Atmospheric radiation
; Atmospheric temperature
; Carbon dioxide
; Climate change
; Climate models
; Glacial geology
; Greenhouse gases
; Precipitation (meteorology)
; Sea level
; Computer simulation
; Antarctic Bottom Water
; boundary condition
; carbon dioxide
; climate modeling
; climate variation
; El Nino-Southern Oscillation
; greenhouse gas
; ice sheet
; Last Glacial Maximum
; meridional circulation
; North Atlantic Deep Water
; overturn
; paleoclimate
; precipitation (climatology)
; radiative forcing
; sea level
; sea surface temperature
; surface temperature
; Pacific Ocean
; Pacific Ocean (East)
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英文摘要: | Results are presented from the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4), simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) at the standard 18 resolution, the same resolution as the majority of the CCSM4 CMIP5 long-term simulations for the historical and future projection scenarios. The forcings and boundary conditions for this simulation follow the protocols of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project, version 3 (PMIP3). Two additional CCSM4 CO2 sensitivity simulations, in which the concentrations are abruptly changed at the start of the simulation to the low 185 ppm LGM concentrations (LGMCO2) and to a quadrupling of the preindustrial concentration (4×CO2), are also analyzed. For the full LGM simulation, the estimated equilibriumcooling of the global mean annual surface temperature is 5.5°C with an estimated radiative forcing of -6.2 W m-2. The radiative forcing includes the effects of the reduced LGM greenhouse gases, ice sheets, continental distribution with sea level lowered by approximately 120 m from the present, and orbital parameters, but not changes to atmospheric aerosols or vegetation biogeography. The LGM simulation has an equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) of 3.1(±0.3)°C, comparable to the CCSM4 4×CO2 result. The LGMCO2 simulation shows a greater ECS of 4.2°C. Other responses found at the LGM in CCSM4 include a global precipitation rate decrease at a rate of ~2% °C-1, similar to climate change simulations in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4); a strengthening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) with a shoaling of North Atlantic Deep Water and a filling of the deep basin up to sill depth with Antarctic Bottom Water; and an enhanced seasonal cycle accompanied by reduced ENSO variability in the eastern Pacific Ocean,s SSTs. © 2013 American Meteorological Society. |
Citation statistics: |
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资源类型: | 期刊论文
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标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/51947
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Appears in Collections: | 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: | National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States
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Recommended Citation: |
Brady E.C.,Otto-bliesner B.L.,Kay J.E.,et al. Sensitivity to glacial forcing in the CCSM4[J]. Journal of Climate,2013-01-01,26(6)
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