| DOI: | 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00553.1
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| Scopus记录号: | 2-s2.0-84865192344
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| 论文题名: | On the inconsistent relationship between Pacific and Atlantic Niños |
| 作者: | Lübbecke J.F.; McPhaden M.J.
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| 刊名: | Journal of Climate
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| ISSN: | 8948755
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| 出版年: | 2012
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| 卷: | 25, 期:12 | | 起始页码: | 4294
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| 结束页码: | 4303
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| 语种: | 英语
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| Scopus关键词: | Boreal Spring
; Boreal winters
; Down-welling
; Early termination
; Eastern equatorial Atlantic
; Eastern equatorial Pacific
; Global models
; Hindcasts
; Kelvin waves
; North Atlantic oscillations
; Observational data
; Rossby wave
; Sea surface temperature anomalies
; Stress response
; Trade winds
; Tropical atlantic
; Western boundary
; Wind response
; Wind stress curl
; Atmospheric pressure
; Commerce
; Computer simulation
; Ocean currents
; Tropics
; Wind stress
; Nickel compounds
; air-sea interaction
; El Nino
; Kelvin wave
; meridional circulation
; North Atlantic Oscillation
; Rossby wave
; sea surface temperature
; summer
; temperature gradient
; trade wind
; warming
; wind forcing
; wind stress
; Atlantic Ocean
; Atlantic Ocean (Tropical)
; Pacific Ocean
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| 英文摘要: | The tropical Atlantic wind response to El Niño forcing is robust, with weakened northeast trade winds north of the equator and strengthened southeast trade winds along and south of the equator. However, the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the eastern equatorial Pacific and Atlantic is inconsistent, with El Niño events followed sometimes by warm and other times by cold boreal summer anomalies in the Atlantic cold tongue region. Using observational data and a hindcast simulation of the Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean (NEMO) global model at 0.58 resolution (NEMO-ORCA05), this inconsistent SST relationship is shown to be at least partly attributable to a delayed negative feedback in the tropical Atlantic that is active in years with a warm or neutral response in the eastern equatorial Atlantic. In these years, the boreal spring warming in the northern tropical Atlantic that is a typical response to El Niño is pronounced, setting up a strong meridional SST gradient. This leads to a negative wind stress curl anomaly to the north of the equator that generates downwelling Rossby waves. When these waves reach the western boundary, they are reflected into downwelling equatorial Kelvin waves that reach the cold tongue region in late boreal summer to counteract the initial cooling that is due to the boreal winter wind stress response to El Niño. In contrast, this initial cooling persists or is amplified in years in which the boreal spring northern tropical Atlantic warming is weak or absent either because of a positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phase or an early termination of the Pacific El Niño event. © 2012 American Meteorological Society. |
| Citation statistics: |
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| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/52371
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| Appears in Collections: | 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: | NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, WA, United States
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Lübbecke J.F.,McPhaden M.J.. On the inconsistent relationship between Pacific and Atlantic Niños[J]. Journal of Climate,2012-01-01,25(12)
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