DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13104
论文题名: The influence of historical climate changes on Southern Ocean marine predator populations: A comparative analysis
作者: Younger J.L. ; Emmerson L.M. ; Miller K.J.
刊名: Global Change Biology
ISSN: 13541013
出版年: 2016
卷: 22, 期: 2 起始页码: 474
结束页码: 493
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Antarctic
; Climate change ecology
; Holocene
; Palaeoclimate
; Palaeoecology
; Penguin
; Pinniped
; Polynya
; Sub-Antarctic
Scopus关键词: Mammalia
; Mirounga
; Pinnipedia
; Procellariidae
; Spheniscidae
; animal
; climate change
; comparative study
; history
; ice cover
; population dynamics
; reproduction
; sea
; Animals
; Climate Change
; History, Ancient
; Ice Cover
; Oceans and Seas
; Population Dynamics
; Reproduction
英文摘要: The Southern Ocean ecosystem is undergoing rapid physical and biological changes that are likely to have profound implications for higher-order predators. Here, we compare the long-term, historical responses of Southern Ocean predators to climate change. We examine palaeoecological evidence for changes in the abundance and distribution of seabirds and marine mammals, and place these into context with palaeoclimate records in order to identify key environmental drivers associated with population changes. Our synthesis revealed two key factors underlying Southern Ocean predator population changes; (i) the availability of ice-free ground for breeding and (ii) access to productive foraging grounds. The processes of glaciation and sea ice fluctuation were key; the distributions and abundances of elephant seals, snow petrels, gentoo, chinstrap and Adélie penguins all responded strongly to the emergence of new breeding habitat coincident with deglaciation and reductions in sea ice. Access to productive foraging grounds was another limiting factor, with snow petrels, king and emperor penguins all affected by reduced prey availability in the past. Several species were isolated in glacial refugia and there is evidence that refuge populations were supported by polynyas. While the underlying drivers of population change were similar across most Southern Ocean predators, the individual responses of species to environmental change varied because of species specific factors such as dispersal ability and environmental sensitivity. Such interspecific differences are likely to affect the future climate change responses of Southern Ocean marine predators and should be considered in conservation plans. Comparative palaeoecological studies are a valuable source of long-term data on species' responses to environmental change that can provide important insights into future climate change responses. This synthesis highlights the importance of protecting productive foraging grounds proximate to breeding locations, as well as the potential role of polynyas as future Southern Ocean refugia. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/61495
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS, Australia; Australian Antarctic Division, 203 Channel Highway, Kingston, TAS, Australia; Australian Institute of Marine Science, The UWA Oceans Institute, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 5, Hobart, TAS, Australia
Recommended Citation:
Younger J.L.,Emmerson L.M.,Miller K.J.. The influence of historical climate changes on Southern Ocean marine predator populations: A comparative analysis[J]. Global Change Biology,2016-01-01,22(2)