DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12272
论文题名: Future sea ice conditions in Western Hudson Bay and consequences for polar bears in the 21st century
作者: Castro de la Guardia L. ; Derocher A.E. ; Myers P.G. ; Terwisscha van Scheltinga A.D. ; Lunn N.J.
刊名: Global Change Biology
ISSN: 13541013
出版年: 2013
卷: 19, 期: 9 起始页码: 2675
结束页码: 2687
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Breakup
; Climate change
; Global warming
; Hudson Bay
; Ice-free season
; Polar bear
; Sea ice concentration
; Ursus maritimus
Scopus关键词: ice
; bear
; climate change
; concentration (composition)
; global warming
; greenhouse gas
; sea ice
; survival
; twenty first century
; animal
; article
; bear
; breakup
; Canada
; climate change
; forecasting
; greenhouse effect
; Hudson Bay
; ice-free season
; polar bear
; sea
; sea ice concentration
; breakup
; climate change
; global warming
; Hudson Bay
; ice-free season
; polar bear
; sea ice concentration
; Ursus maritimus
; Animals
; Canada
; Forecasting
; Ice
; Oceans and Seas
; Ursidae
; Canada
; Hudson Bay
; Ursus maritimus
英文摘要: The primary habitat of polar bears is sea ice, but in Western Hudson Bay (WH), the seasonal ice cycle forces polar bears ashore each summer. Survival of bears on land in WH is correlated with breakup and the ice-free season length, and studies suggest that exceeding thresholds in these variables will lead to large declines in the WH population. To estimate when anthropogenic warming may have progressed sufficiently to threaten the persistence of polar bears in WH, we predict changes in the ice cycle and the sea ice concentration (SIC) in spring (the primary feeding period of polar bears) with a high-resolution sea ice-ocean model and warming forced with 21st century IPCC greenhouse gas (GHG) emission scenarios: B1 (low), A1B (medium), and A2 (high). We define critical years for polar bears based on proposed thresholds in breakup and ice-free season and we assess when ice-cycle conditions cross these thresholds. In the three scenarios, critical years occur more commonly after 2050. From 2001 to 2050, 2 critical years occur under B1 and A2, and 4 under A1B; from 2051 to 2100, 8 critical years occur under B1, 35 under A1B and 41 under A2. Spring SIC in WH is high (>90%) in all three scenarios between 2001 and 2050, but declines rapidly after 2050 in A1B and A2. From 2090 to 2100, the mean spring SIC is 84 (±7)% in B1, 56 (±26)% in A1B and 20 (±13)% in A2. Our predictions suggest that the habitat of polar bears in WH will deteriorate in the 21st century. Ice predictions in A1B and A2 suggest that the polar bear population may struggle to persist after ca. 2050. Predictions under B1 suggest that reducing GHG emissions could allow polar bears to persist in WH throughout the 21st century. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/62346
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada; School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Momorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, United Kingdom; Wildlife Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, University of Alberta, CW405 Biological Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
Recommended Citation:
Castro de la Guardia L.,Derocher A.E.,Myers P.G.,et al. Future sea ice conditions in Western Hudson Bay and consequences for polar bears in the 21st century[J]. Global Change Biology,2013-01-01,19(9)