DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.04.051
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84969951656
论文题名: Observed and anticipated impacts of drought on forest insects and diseases in the United States
作者: Kolb T.E. ; Fettig C.J. ; Ayres M.P. ; Bentz B.J. ; Hicke J.A. ; Mathiasen R. ; Stewart J.E. ; Weed A.S.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN: 0378-1127
出版年: 2016
卷: 380 起始页码: 321
结束页码: 334
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Climate change
; Drought
; Forest health
; Forest insects
; Forest pathogens
; Herbivory
Scopus关键词: Climate change
; Drought
; Earth (planet)
; Pathogens
; Dendroctonus frontalis
; Drought intensities
; Forest health
; Forest insects
; Forest pathogens
; Herbivory
; Non-linear relationships
; Southern pine beetle
; Forestry
; Dendroctonus frontalis
; Hexapoda
; Scolytinae
英文摘要: Future anthropogenic-induced changes to the earth's climate will likely include increases in temperature and changes in precipitation that will increase the frequency and severity of droughts. Insects and fungal diseases are important disturbances in forests, yet understanding of the role of drought in outbreaks of these agents is limited. Current knowledge concerning the effects of drought on herbivorous insect and pathogen outbreaks in U.S. forests is reviewed, and compared between the relatively mesic and structurally diverse forests of the eastern U.S. and the more xeric forests of the western U.S. Theory and limited evidence suggests a non-linear relationship between drought intensity and outbreaks of aggressive bark beetle species (i.e., those capable of causing extensive levels of tree mortality), where moderate droughts reduce bark beetle population performance and subsequent tree mortality, whereas intense droughts, which frequently occur in the western U.S., increase bark beetle performance and tree mortality. There is little evidence for a role of drought in outbreaks of the southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis), the only bark beetle species that causes large amounts of tree mortality in the eastern U.S. Defoliators do not show consistent responses to drought. The response of sapfeeders to drought appears non-linear, with the greatest performance and impacts at intermediate drought intensity or when drought is alleviated by wetter periods. Interactions between tree pathogens and drought are poorly understood, but available evidence suggests reduced pathogen performance and host impacts in response to drought for primary pathogens and pathogens whose lifecycle depends directly on moisture (humidity). In these cases, rates of reproduction, spread, and infection tend to be greater when conditions are moist. In contrast, secondary fungal pathogens (i.e., those that depend on stressed hosts for colonization) are anticipated to respond to drought with greater performance and host impacts. In the western U.S., drought increases stress on trees severely infected by mistletoes thereby predisposing mistletoe-infected trees to attack by insects, particularly bark beetles and wood borers. Research needed to advance understanding of drought impacts on forest insects and diseases, and the role of forest management in mitigation of infestations during drought are discussed. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/64707
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States; Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States; Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Logan, UT, United States; Department of Geography, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States; Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; National Park Service, Inventory and Monitoring Program, Mid-Atlantic Network, Fredericksburg, VA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Kolb T.E.,Fettig C.J.,Ayres M.P.,et al. Observed and anticipated impacts of drought on forest insects and diseases in the United States[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2016-01-01,380