DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.02.007
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84896870661
论文题名: Control of laminated and Armillaria root diseases by stump removal and tree species mixtures: Amount and cause of mortality and impact on yield after 40 years
作者: Morrison D.J. ; Cruickshank M.G. ; Lalumière A.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN: 0378-1127
出版年: 2014
卷: 319 起始页码: 75
结束页码: 98
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Disease and insect impact
; Disease control
; Forest management
; Mixed species planting
; Root disease
; Stump removal
Scopus关键词: Armillaria ostoyae
; Armillaria root disease
; Functional traits
; Mixed species
; Mountain pine beetle
; Quadratic mean diameter
; Root disease
; Stump removals
; Disease control
; Laminating
; Mixtures
; Seed
; Forestry
; basal area
; beetle
; disease control
; forest management
; fungal disease
; height
; lamination
; mortality
; pest species
; survival
; tree
; Diseases
; Forest Management
; Forestry
; Lamination
; Mixtures
; Roots
; Seeds
; British Columbia
; Canada
英文摘要: In 1968 a trial was established near Salmon Arm in the southern interior of British Columbia to determine if whole tree logging and root raking would reduce mortality in the next rotation on a site infested by Phellinus sulphurascens, cause of laminated root disease. In stumped and not stumped blocks, seedlings of Douglas-fir, lodgepole pine, western redcedar and paper birch were planted alone and in all combinations of two species in three 0.04ha plots per block; western larch and Engelmann spruce were planted on one plot in each block. Tree mortality was recorded periodically by cause over 40years. Dominant height, diameter, and basal area were measured every five years after 20years. The highest survival after 40years occurred in plots where stumps were removed, especially in those of Douglas-fir alone or in mixture or of spruce or larch. Mortality averaged over all species at age 40 was on average 14% lower in plots stumped (0.47) than in those not stumped (0.61). Principal causes of mortality in both blocks to year 40 were planting failure, root diseases (mainly Armillaria ostoyae), abiotics, thinning, and for lodgepole pine, mountain pine beetle. Stump removal and root raking improved planting survival and reduced root disease mortality caused by P. sulphurascens and A. ostoyae. For all species except pine (p > 0.34), spruce (p=0.14), and redcedar (p > 0.24) and with the exception Douglas-fir with redcedar (p=0.005), yield in plots stumped showed positive effects on basal area by age 40 compared to plots not stumped, especially for western larch (60, 40m2/ha, respectively) or Douglas-fir (56, 40m2/ha, respectively). By age 40, height growth was also greater (average 70cm) in plots stumped for most species. Quadratic mean diameter (QMD) of the 10 largest trees by age 40 was not different between stump treatments despite the greater density of the plots stumped. QMD of all trees and the 10 largest trees per plots was most affected by the tree species, where plots of larch and Douglas-fir had the largest trees. Admixing of tree species usually lowered overall combined basal area and had varying effects on tree height and diameter compared to monocultures. Admixing of resistant and susceptible tree species provided little benefit on reducing disease impact in the susceptible species. Disease impact might be lowered longer-term by disease-tolerant tree species, like cedar, having low impact from both root diseases and shade tolerance, which are then positioned to take advantage of canopy gaps created by disease and insects. Admixing is affected by functional traits that alter the combining ability of the tree species and their interaction with pests. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/66032
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada
Recommended Citation:
Morrison D.J.,Cruickshank M.G.,Lalumière A.. Control of laminated and Armillaria root diseases by stump removal and tree species mixtures: Amount and cause of mortality and impact on yield after 40 years[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2014-01-01,319