globalchange  > 气候变化事实与影响
DOI: 10.5194/hess-21-3249-2017
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85021702578
论文题名:
Assessing glacier melt contribution to streamflow at Universidad Glacier, central Andes of Chile
作者: Bravo C; , Loriaux T; , Rivera A; , Brock B; W
刊名: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
ISSN: 10275606
出版年: 2017
卷: 21, 期:7
起始页码: 3249
结束页码: 3266
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Ablation ; Atmospheric temperature ; Digital storage ; Meteorology ; Rivers ; Runoff ; Stream flow ; Water resources ; Weather information services ; Automatic weather stations ; Energy balance models ; Meteorological condition ; Meteorological data ; Meteorological measurements ; River flow measurement ; Temperature index ; Temperature index models ; Weather forecasting ; ablation ; energy balance ; glacier dynamics ; index method ; melt ; river flow ; runoff ; streamflow ; temperature ; valley glacier ; weather station ; Andes ; Chile ; O'Higgins ; Tinguiririca River
英文摘要: Glacier melt is an important source of water for high Andean rivers in central Chile, especially in dry years, when it can be an important contributor to flows during late summer and autumn. However, few studies have quantified glacier melt contribution to streamflow in this region. To address this shortcoming, we present an analysis of meteorological conditions and ablation for Universidad Glacier, one of the largest valley glaciers in the central Andes of Chile at the head of the Tinguiririca River, for the 2009-2010 ablation season. We used meteorological measurements from two automatic weather stations installed on the glacier to drive a distributed temperature-index and runoff routing model. The temperature-index model was calibrated at the lower weather station site and showed good agreement with melt estimates from an ablation stake and sonic ranger, and with a physically based energy balance model. Total modelled glacier melt is compared with river flow measurements at three sites located between 0.5 and 50 km downstream. Universidad Glacier shows extremely high melt rates over the ablation season which may exceed 10 m water equivalent in the lower ablation area, representing between 10 and 13 % of the mean monthly streamflow at the outlet of the Tinguiririca River Basin between December 2009 and March 2010. This contribution rises to a monthly maximum of almost 20 % in March 2010, demonstrating the importance of glacier runoff to streamflow, particularly in dry years such as 2009-2010. The temperature-index approach benefits from the availability of on-glacier meteorological data, enabling the calculation of the local hourly variable lapse rate, and is suited to high melt regimes, but would not be easily applicable to glaciers further north in Chile where sublimation is more significant. © Author(s) 2017.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/79132
Appears in Collections:气候变化事实与影响

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作者单位: Centro de Estudios Científicos, Valdivia, Chile; School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Departamento de Geografía Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Geography, Northumbria University, Newcastle, United Kingdom

Recommended Citation:
Bravo C,, Loriaux T,, Rivera A,et al. Assessing glacier melt contribution to streamflow at Universidad Glacier, central Andes of Chile[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2017-01-01,21(7)
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