DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.08.039
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84906763437
论文题名: Estimating emissions from the Indian transport sector with on-road fleet composition and traffic volume
作者: Pandey A ; , Venkataraman C
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2014
卷: 98 起始页码: 123
结束页码: 133
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Aviation
; Black carbon (BC)
; On-road fleet model
; Organic carbon (OC)
; Railways
; Shipping
; Superemitters
Scopus关键词: Air quality
; Aviation
; Freight transportation
; Machinery
; Particles (particulate matter)
; Particulate emissions
; Railroads
; Roads and streets
; Ships
; Surveys
; Vehicles
; Black carbon
; On-road fleet
; Particulate Matter
; Railways
; Superemitters
; Fleet operations
; black carbon
; diesel fuel
; organic carbon
; air quality
; air transportation
; black carbon
; emission inventory
; fuel consumption
; organic carbon
; particle size
; particulate matter
; railway transport
; road transport
; shipping
; traffic emission
; urbanization
; article
; aviation
; exhaust gas
; India
; Indian
; mass
; particulate matter
; priority journal
; railway
; shipping
; technology
; traffic and transport
; India
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: Urbanization and rising household incomes in India have led to growing transport demand, particularly during 1990-2010. Emissions from transportation have been implicated in air quality and climate effects. In this work, emissions of particulate matter (PM2.5 or mass concentration of particles smaller than 2.5 um diameter), black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC), were estimated from the transport sector in India, using detailed technology divisions and regionally measured emission factors. Modes of transport addressed in this work include road transport, railways, shipping and aviation, but exclude off-road equipment like diesel machinery and tractors. For road transport, a vehicle fleet model was used, with parameters derived from vehicle sales, registration data, and surveyed age-profile. The fraction of extremely high emitting vehicles, or superemitters, which is highly uncertain, was assumed as 20%. Annual vehicle utilization estimates were based on regional surveys and user population. For railways, shipping and aviation, a top-down approach was applied, using nationally reported fuel consumption. Fuel use and emissions from on-road vehicles were disaggregated at the state level, with separate estimates for 30 cities in India. The on-road fleet was dominated by two-wheelers, followed by four-and three-wheelers, with new vehicles comprising the majority of the fleet for each vehicle type. A total of 276 (-156, 270) Gg/y PM2.5, 144 (-99, 207) Gg/y BC, and 95 (-64, 130) Gg/y OC emissions were estimated, with over 97% contribution from on-road transport. Largest emitters were identified as heavy duty diesel vehicles for PM2.5 and BC, but two-stroke vehicles and superemitters for OC. Old vehicles (pre-2005) contributed significantly more (~70%) emissions, while their share in the vehicle fleet was smaller (~45%). Emission estimates were sensitive to assumed superemitter fraction. Improvement of emission estimates requires on-road emission factor measurements for all vehicle types and a better understanding of vehicle utilization and superemitter fraction. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/81261
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
Recommended Citation:
Pandey A,, Venkataraman C. Estimating emissions from the Indian transport sector with on-road fleet composition and traffic volume[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2014-01-01,98